Residential smoking restrictions are not associated with reduced child SHS exposure in a baseline sample of low-income, urban African Americans.
Residential smoking restrictions are not associated with reduced child SHS exposure in a baseline sample of low-income, urban African Americans.
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DOI：
10.4236/health.2010.211188
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发表时间：
2010-11
期刊：
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Audrain-McGovern J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Collins BN;Ibrahim JK;Hovell M;Tolley NM;Nair US;Jaffe K;Zanis D;Audrain-McGovern J
二手烟暴露（SHSe）与许多慢性和急性疾病有关。低收入的非裔美国人（AA）的母亲吸烟者和他们的孩子有不成比例的烟草使用和儿童SHSe相关的发病率和死亡率比其他人群高。虽然公共卫生官员促进住宅吸烟限制，以减少SHSe和促进戒烟，鲜为人知的是，在改变吸烟行为和SHSe在这个人群中的限制的影响。因此，本研究的目的是研究住宅吸烟限制，母亲吸烟，和幼儿的SHSe在其他已知的影响低收入AA母亲的吸烟行为的因素的背景下之间的关联。在这项研究中，我们使用了来自307位AA母亲吸烟者的治疗前访谈的横截面基线数据，作为随后的行为咨询试验的一部分，以减少他们年幼（< 4岁）的孩子的SHSe。住宅吸烟限制分为0 =无限制和1 =一些限制。儿童尿可替宁提供了SHSe的生物标志物。母亲报告吸烟/天，吸烟/天暴露于儿童，并打算戒烟。多变量回归模型的限制作为吸烟和暴露结果的主要预测因素的影响。母亲的吸烟模式，如每天吸烟（β = 0.52，p < 0.001）和吸烟年数（β =-0.11; p = 0.03），沿着家中有其他吸烟者（β = 0.10; p = 0.04），但不是居住限制（β =-0.09，p = 0.10），预测了报告的SHSe。限制并没有涉及婴儿可替宁或母亲的意图退出。因此，住宅吸烟限制可能有助于努力减少儿童的SHSe和促进母亲吸烟的变化，但单独，可能不构成一个足够的干预措施，以保护儿童。多层次的干预方法，包括SHSe减少住宅吸烟政策加上支持和戒烟援助的吸烟者可能是一个必要的方法，无烟家庭采用和遵守。
Second hand smoke exposure (SHSe) relates to many chronic and acute illnesses. Low income African American (AA) maternal smokers and their children have disproportionately higher tobacco-use and child SHSe-related morbidity and mortality than other populations. While public health officials promote residential smoking restrictions to reduce SHSe and promote smoking cessation, little is known about the impact of restrictions in changing smoking behavior and SHSe in this population. Thus, the purpose of this study was to examine associations between residential smoking restrictions, maternal smoking, and young children’s SHSe in the context of other factors known to influence low income AA mothers’ smoking behavior. For this study, we used cross-sectional, baseline data from 307 AA maternal smokers’ pre-treatment interviews completed as part of a subsequent behavioral counseling trial to reduce their young (< 4 years old) children’s SHSe. Residential smoking restriction was dichotomized as 0 = no restrictions and 1 = some restrictions. Child urine cotinine provided a biomarker of SHSe. Mothers reported cigarettes/day smoked, cigarettes/day exposed to child, and intention to quit. Multivariate regressions modeled effects of restriction as the primary predictor of smoking and exposure outcomes. Maternal smoking patterns such as cigarettes per day (β = 0.52, p < 0.001) and years smoked (β = −0.11; p = 0.03) along with presence of additional smokers in the home (β = 0.10; p = 0.04), but not residential restriction (β = −0.09, p = 0.10), predicted reported SHSe. Restriction did not relate to baby cotinine or maternal intention to quit. Thus, residential smoking restrictions may contribute to efforts to reduce children’s SHSe and promote maternal smoking change; but alone, may not constitute a sufficient intervention to protect children. Multi-level intervention approaches that include SHSe-reduction residential smoking policies plus support and cessation assistance for smokers may be a necessary approach to smoke-free home adoption and adherence.