Applying Ethical Principles to Information and Communication Technology Research: A Companion to the Menlo Report
Applying Ethical Principles to Information and Communication Technology Research: A Companion to the Menlo Report
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将道德原则应用于信息和通信技术研究：门洛报告的配套
DOI：
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发表时间：
2013
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通讯作者：
Michael Bailey
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文献类型：
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作者：
David Dittrich;Erin E. Kenneally;Michael Bailey
研究人员面临着时间驱动的竞争压力，要求他们进行研究和发表论文，获得终身教职，并提交拨款建议。伦理方面的考虑可能与这些激励措施不一致，这既不是信息和通信技术研究的新鲜事，也不是独有的。然而，那些进行信息和通信技术研究(卢旺达问题国际法庭)的人确实面临着一种不同类型的紧张局势，这可能会影响研究伦理风险。不幸的是，关于保护研究对象的制度化指导没有跟上信息技术和基础设施的快速变革，这些变革促进了研究实质和机制的变化。门洛报告总结了一套基本原则，以指导确定和解决关于或涉及信息和通信技术的研究中的伦理问题。它说明有必要解释和延伸传统的道德原则，使信息和通信技术研究人员和监督实体能够适当和一致地评估和提供符合道德标准的研究。它提出的框架可以支持现有的和潜在的体制机制，这些机制被很好地用于实施和执行这些原则，例如研究伦理委员会(REB)。门罗报告不是国土安全部的官方政策声明，而是主要为可能由政府资助的学术界和私营部门的ICT研究人员，以及公司和独立研究人员、专业学会、出版物审查委员会和资助机构提供指导。本手册是对门洛报告的补充，该报告更详细地阐述了原理和应用，并在真实和综合的案例研究中说明了它们的实施。它的根本目的是造福社会，阐明对人类的潜在危害(直接或间接)，并帮助研究人员了解并在其研究的生命周期中先发制人或最大限度地减少这些风险。本文件综合了2011年12月28日门洛报告在《联邦登记册》发表后收到的评论。
Researchers are faced with time-driven competitive pressures to research and publish, to achieve tenure, and to deliver on grant funding proposals. That ethical considerations can be incongruent with these incentives is neither novel nor unique to information and communication technology (ICT) research. Those conducting ICT research (ICTR) do, however, face a different breed of tensions that can impact research ethics risks. Unfortunately, institutionalized guidance on the protection of research subjects has not kept pace with the rapid transformations in information technology and infrastructure that have catalyzed changes in research substance and mechanics.The Menlo Report summarizes a set of basic principles to guide the identification and resolution of ethical issues in research about or involving ICT. It illuminates a need to interpret and extend traditional ethical principles to enable ICT researchers and oversight entities to appropriately and consistently assess and render ethically defensible research. The framework it proposes can support current and potential institutional mechanisms that are well served to implement and enforce these principles, such as a research ethics board (REB). The Menlo Report is not an official policy statement of the Department of Homeland Security, but rather, offers guidance primarily for ICT researchers in academia and the private sector who may be funded by the government, as well as corporate and independent researchers, professional societies, publication review committees, and funding agencies.This Companion is a complement to the Menlo Report that details the principles and applications more granularly and illustrates their implementation in real and synthetic case studies. It is fundamentally intended for the benefit of society, by illuminating the potential for harm to humans (either directly or indirectly) and by helping researchers understand and preempt or minimize these risks in the lifecycle of their research. This document integrates comments received after the December 28, 2011 publication of the Menlo Report in the Federal Register.