How We Know about Electrons

How We Know about Electrons
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我们如何了解电子

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发表时间:
2000
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通讯作者:
J. Norton
J. Norton
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文献类型:
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作者:
J. Norton

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1997年,我们庆祝了汤姆逊(1897年)“阴极射线”的百年纪念,这被认为是标志着电子的发现,我们的第一个基本粒子。电子不仅是我们的第一个基本粒子,而且是最早在现代物理学中获得安全地位的微观物理实体之一。如果我们回想一下当时卑微的原子的地位,我们就会看到早期的电子是如何获得这种地位的。虽然原子在科学和自然哲学中已经引起了数千年的兴趣,但它们的存在和性质仍然笼罩在争论中,直到本世纪早期,电子的存在和性质才得到了明确的证明。
In 1997 we celebrated the centenary of Thomson’s (1897) ‘Cathode Rays’ that is conveniently taken as marking the discovery of the electron, our first fundamental particle. The electron is not just our first fundamental particle, but one of the earliest microphysical entities to acquire secure status in modern physics. We see how early electrons acquired this status if we recall the status of the humble atom at this same time. While atoms had been a subject of interest in science and natural philosophy for millennia, their existence and properties remained clouded in debate and clear demonstrations of their existence and properties only emerged in the early part of this century when the same occurred for electrons.