Survival of a commercial AM fungal inoculant and its impact on indigenous AM fungal communities in field soils
Survival of a commercial AM fungal inoculant and its impact on indigenous AM fungal communities in field soils
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DOI：
10.1016/j.apsoil.2021.103979
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发表时间：
2021-03-20
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Walley, Fran L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Islam, M. Nazrul;Germida, James J.;Walley, Fran L.
丛枝菌根真菌(AMF)正被推广为可持续农业的商业生物肥料(生物接种剂)。然而，关于丛枝菌根真菌在土壤中的存活及其在复种条件下对土著丛枝菌根真菌群落的影响，人们知之甚少。一项为期三年的研究在加拿大萨斯喀彻温省大草原的四个野外地点进行，分布在半干旱到半湿润的气候带。2011年，在研究的第一年，一种含有不规则根腐病菌的商业AMF接种剂被用于在开放式土芯中种植的寄主作物豌豆(Pisum Sativum)上播种。连续三个作物季节(2011-2013年)对接种剂的持久性和当地AMF分类群群落的系统发育变化进行了评估，在此期间，小麦(Triticum Aestivum)在第二年种植，豌豆在第三年种植。在每年收获时，利用AMF诱导根的18S rRNA基因焦磷酸测序对AMF群落进行评估。共检出AMF OTUS 131株(第1年：54分，第2年：28分，第3年：49分)，分别代表8个属(球菌属、镰刀菌属、球孢菌属、双孢子菌属、副球孢菌属、食根菌属、七球菌属和古孢霉属)。系统发育分析表明，Swift Current和Outlook田间可在第三个作物季节结束时(即接种后27个月)检测到接种剂，但Scott和Melfort田间分别在第一个(3个月)和第二个(15个月)生长季结束时才能检测到该接种剂。在SWIFT Current的第一个作物季节以及Outlook、Scott和Melfort站点的所有三个季节之后，商业接种剂导致本地AMF的特定成员发生变化(分类群抑制、刺激和排除)(丰度和多样性)。多元统计分析表明，商业接种剂的存活，以及随后的本土AMF分类群的变化取决于土壤环境。
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are being promoted as commercial biofertilizers (bioinoculants) for sustainable agriculture. However, little is known about the survival of AMF inoculants in soil and their impacts on indigenous AMF communities under multiple cropping conditions. A three-year study was conducted at four field-sites across semiarid to subhumid climate zones in the Saskatchewan prairie, Canada. A commercial AMF inoculant containing Rhizophagus irregularis was applied at seeding in the first year of the study in 2011 to the host crop pea (Pisum sativum), grown in open-ended soil cores. The persistence of the inoculant and subsequent phylogenetic changes in the community of the indigenous AMF taxa were assessed for three consecutive cropping seasons (2011-2013), during which wheat (Triticum aestivum) was grown in year two and pea in year three. At harvest of each year, the AMF community was assessed using 18S rRNA gene pyrosequencing of AMF trap roots. A total of 131 AMF OTUs (year 1: 54, year 2: 28, year 3: 49 OTUs, respectively), representing eight genera (Glomus, Funneliformis, Claroideoglomus, Diversispora, Paraglomus, Rhizophagus, Septoglomus, and Archaeospora) was detected. Phylogenetic analysis showed the inoculant could be detected to the end of third cropping season (i.e., 27-month after inoculation) at the Swift Current and Outlook field-sites, but was only detected at the Scott and Melfort field-sites to the end of the first (3-month) and second (15-month) growing seasons, respectively. The commercial inoculant caused alterations (taxa suppression, stimulation, and exclusion) of specific members of the indigenous AMF (abundance and diversity) after the first crop season at Swift Current and after all three seasons at Outlook, Scott, and Melfort sites. Multivariate statistical analysis revealed the survival of the commercial inoculant, and the subsequent changes in the indigenous AMF taxa were dependent on soil environments.