Health-related quality of life in urban elementary schoolchildren
Health-related quality of life in urban elementary schoolchildren
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DOI：
10.1542/peds.111.6.1372
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发表时间：
2003-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
8
通讯作者：
DeWitt, TG
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mansour, ME;Kotagal, U;DeWitt, TG
背景资料。来自城市少数族裔背景的儿童与来自较富裕家庭的儿童之间的健康差距是众所周知的。很少有研究专门针对城市儿童对其健康相关生活质量(HRQOL)的看法或促成这些看法的因素。由于学校是儿童智力、社交和情感发展的关键，学校的连通性可能是影响他们感知高质量生活质量的一个因素。目的：了解城市小学儿童对高质量生活质量的认知。研究人群包括6所城市幼儿园到8年级的二、三、五年级学生和他们的家长。孩子们完成了一项调查，其中包括关于HRQOL和学校联系的问题。父母完成了一项电话调查，评估了人口统计数据、孩子的健康状况、医疗保健使用情况以及父母的健康状况。计算机化学校数据库中有关缺课和流动的数据与调查数据相关联。使用双变量分析来评估儿童HRQOL报告与收集的变量之间的关联，包括与学校的联系。经多元线性回归分析，筛选出对城市儿童HRQOL有较好预测作用的因素。在1150名符合条件的学生中，有525名(45.6%)获得了家长和子女调查数据。51%的学生是男性，是黑人。94%的父母是女性，29%已婚，62%的家庭年收入低于2万美元。HRQOL的平均总分为67.2，可能的范围是0到100(得分越高，说明HRQOL越好)。在多变量分析中，儿童年级、父母与儿童的关系、就业、家庭收入、保险类型/存在和学校联系与HRQOL总分显著相关。年轻的城市儿童自我报告的HRQOL得分低，早在二年级就这样做了。这些低分反映了儿童自身对心理和身体健康受损的看法，对城市儿童在学习环境中的成功具有潜在的影响。HRQOL和学校联系之间的联系可能表明，改善儿童对学校的依恋的健康和教育计划可能会改善城市儿童对健康的看法。
Background. Health disparities between children from urban minority backgrounds and children from more affluent backgrounds are well-recognized. Few studies specifically address urban children's perceptions of their health-related quality of life (HRQOL) or the factors that contribute to these perceptions. Since schools are pivotal to children's intellectual, social, and emotional development, school connectedness may be a factor that contributes to their perception of HRQOL.Objective. To examine children's perceptions of HRQOL in an elementary school-based population of urban children.Methods. The study population consisted of 2nd, 3rd, and 5th graders from 6 urban kindergarten to 8th grade schools and their parents. Children completed a survey that included questions on HRQOL and school connectedness. Parents completed a telephone survey that assessed demographics, the child's health, health care usage, and parental health status. Data on school absences and mobility from the computerized school database were linked to survey data. Bivariate analyses were used to evaluate the association between child report of HRQOL and collected variables, including school connectedness. Multivariable linear regression was conducted to identify the factors best predicting HRQOL in these urban children.Results. Of the 1150 eligible students, parent and child survey data were available for 525 (45.6%). Fifty-one percent of students were male and 89% were black. Ninety-four percent of parents were female, 29% were married, and 62% had family incomes below $20 000 per year. The mean total score for HRQOL was 67.2, with a possible range of 0 to 100 (higher scores reflecting better HRQOL). In the multivariable analysis, child grade, the relationship of the "parent" to the child, employment, family income, type/presence of insurance, and school connectedness were significantly associated with the HRQOL total score.Conclusions. Young urban children self-report low HRQOL scores and do so as early as the 2nd grade. These low scores, which reflect children's own perceptions of impaired psychological and physical health, have potential implications for the success of urban children in their learning environments. The association between HRQOL and school connectedness might suggest that health and educational programs that improve a child's attachment to school could result in improved perceptions of health by urban children.