Interdisciplinary Approach to Evacuation Modeling
Interdisciplinary Approach to Evacuation Modeling
复制标题
疏散建模的跨学科方法
DOI：
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发表时间：
2013
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
K. Triantis
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Trainor;Pamela M. Murray;P. Edara;Saeideh Fallah;K. Triantis
长期以来，疏散一直在学科范围内进行研究，最常见的是社会科学和运输工程。尽管研究的对象是共同的，以前的作品集成这些领域的观点是相对稀疏，有时导致疏散规划模型脱离社会理论或观察人类行为。然而，一个多学科的解决方案是困难的，因为许多社会调查结果不能直接转移到优化配方或模拟模型。大多数研究未能认识到人类行为和交通系统是相互交织的，决策不仅取决于灾害，而且还取决于交通条件，选择，社会人口统计，经验和风险感知。本文回顾了这两种疏散研究方法，并提出了一个新的跨学科的方法，合并的优势。这个过程不仅试图将社会科学的经验和理论见解纳入交通疏散建模，但也呼吁重新审视一些交通建模的假设，以改善其映射在真实的世界。结果是一个新的五步建模过程。
Evacuations have long been studied within disciplinary boundaries, most frequently in the social sciences and in transportation engineering. Despite the common object of study, previous works integrating these fields’ perspectives are relatively sparse, sometimes leading to evacuation planning models that are divorced from social theory or that observed human behavior. However, a multidisciplinary solution is difficult because many social findings are not directly transferable to optimization formulations or simulation models. Most studies fail to recognize that human behavior and transportation systems are intertwined and that decisions depend not only on the disaster but also on the transportation conditions, options, sociodemographics, experiences, and risk perceptions. This paper reviews these two approaches to evacuation research and proposes a new interdisciplinary approach that merges the strengths of each. The process not only seeks to incorporate empirical and theoretical insights from the social sciences into transportation evacuation modeling but also calls for reexamination of some transportation modeling assumptions in order to improve their mapping in the real world. The result is a new five step modeling process.