Labor Provisions in Trade Agreements (LABPTA): Introducing a New Dataset
Labor Provisions in Trade Agreements (LABPTA): Introducing a New Dataset
复制标题
贸易协定中的劳工条款 (LABPTA)：引入新数据集
作者：
D. Raess;Dora Sari
随着在优惠贸易协定(PTA)中纳入劳工条款，通过贸易的全球劳工政策开始受到越来越多的关注。直到最近，一直缺乏能够充分反映劳工条款范围和严格性方面存在的差异的现有数据，这阻碍了学者和实践者解决有关贸易-劳工联系的设计和影响的关键问题。本文介绍了一个新的数据集，涵盖了1990至2015年间的487个PTA，针对六个主要类别的140个不同项目进行了编码，展示了--据我们所知--最严格和最细粒度的劳工条款映射。它还首次系统地说明了这些承诺的设计和实施方面的主要趋势。我们的研究表明，劳工条款不仅在其内容和参与国方面有所扩大，而且劳工条款虽然在不同程度上也随着时间的推移而变得更加严格。在所有临时技术贸易协定中，增长最稳定的条款是与为监测和执行劳工承诺而建立的体制框架有关的条款，随着时间的推移，这些条款变得更加专门，也更加包容第三方的参与。
Global labor policy through trade has begun to receive growing attention with the inclusion of labor provisions in preferential trade agreements (PTAs). Until recently there has been a shortage of available data that would adequately capture the variation that exists with respect to the scope and stringency of labor provisions, preventing scholars and practitioners from addressing key questions about the design and effects of the trade-labor linkage. This paper introduces a new dataset covering 487 PTAs from 1990 to 2015 coded against 140 distinct items pertaining to six main categories, presenting – to our knowledge – the most rigorous and fine-grained mapping of labor provisions. It also offers the first systematic description of key trends in the design and occurrence of those commitments. Our study shows that labor provisions have not only expanded in terms of their content and participating countries but that labor provisions have, although to a varying degree, also become more stringent over time. The provisions that have across all PTAs increased most steadily are the ones related to the institutional framework set up for the monitoring and implementation of labor commitments, becoming more specialized and more inclusive of third party involvement over time.