Effects of Shock Compression on Ceramic Materials
Effects of Shock Compression on Ceramic Materials
复制标题
冲击压缩对陶瓷材料的影响
DOI：
10.1007/978-1-4612-2194-4_5
复制
发表时间：
1998
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
T. Mashimo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
T. Mashimo
冲击波在固体中的传播可以产生超高压(应力)的条件，足以引起材料的弹性刚性以及晶体和电子结构的变化。即使是现在，Hugoniot数据仍然是从固体冲击压缩研究中获得的最可靠的(现场和宏观)实验信息。通过测量Hugoniot参数(激波速度和质点速度)，我们可以直接和精确地确定凝聚态物质的压力(应力)-密度关系，因为这些参数与超声数据相当：压力与体积的导数值。从这些数据可以研究动态强度、相变、状态方程等。然而，这些实验提供的关于微观效应的信息很少，因为很难进行现场微观观察。这主要是由于激波过程的持续时间很短，在此过程中，熵增加，出现了非均匀变形的高温压缩状态。然而，由于上述特点，冲击压缩研究长期以来一直在高压科学领域占据重要地位，尽管其在100 Gpa范围内产生压力的垄断地位最近由于钻石顶锤单元的发展而失去。
Shock wave propagation in a solid can generate conditions of ultra-high pressure (stress) sufficient to induce changes in the elastic rigidity and the crystal and electronic structures of the material. Hugoniot data are even now the most reliable (in situ and macroscopic) experimental information obtainable from shock compression research on solids. We can directly and precisely determine the pressure (stress)—density relation of condensed matter by measurement of Hugoniot parameters (shock velocity and particle velocity), because these parameters are comparable to ultrasonic data: derivative values of pressure with volume. From these data, the dynamic strength, phase transitions, equation of state (EOS), etc. can be studied. However, these experiments provide little information on microscopic effects because it is very difficult to perform in situ microscopic observations. This is due mainly to the very short duration of the shock process, during which the entropy increases and a hightemperature, compressed state that is heterogeneously deformed appears. However, shock compression research has long occupied an important position in the field of high-pressure science due to the aforementioned features, although its monopoly in generating pressures in the 100 GPa range has recently been lost due to development of diamond-anvil cells.