Dirac monopoles with a polar-core vortex induced by spin-orbit coupling in spin-or Bose-Einstein condensates
Dirac monopoles with a polar-core vortex induced by spin-orbit coupling in spin-or Bose-Einstein condensates
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具有由自旋玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚中的自旋轨道耦合引起的极核涡旋的狄拉克单极子
DOI：
10.1103/physreva.95.043633
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发表时间：
2017-04-24
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Liu, Wu-Ming
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Li, Ji;Yu, Yan-Mei;Liu, Wu-Ming
本文报道了铁磁玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体中自旋轨道耦合诱导的具有极核涡旋的狄拉克磁单极子，它附着在沿着垂直轴的两条节涡线上。这些磁单极子在实验时间尺度上更稳定，可以通过直接成像涡旋线来检测。随着自旋轨道耦合强度的增加，具有涡旋的狄拉克磁单极子可以转变为具有正方晶格的狄拉克磁单极子。在存在自旋轨道耦合的情况下，增加相互作用强度可以诱导从具有极核涡旋的狄拉克单极子到具有Mermin-Ho涡旋的狄拉克单极子的循环相变。自旋-轨道耦合玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚不仅为研究奇异磁单极子及其相变提供了一个新的平台，而且在四极场关闭后仍能保持稳定的磁单极子。
We report Dirac monopoles with polar-core vortex induced by spin-orbit coupling in ferromagnetic Bose-Einstein condensates, which are attached to two nodal vortex lines along the vertical axis. These monopoles are more stable in the time scale of experiment and can be detected through directly imaging vortex lines. When the strength of spin-orbit coupling increases, Dirac monopoles with vortex can be transformed into those with square lattice. In the presence of spin-orbit coupling, increasing the strength of interaction can induce a cyclic phase transition from Dirac monopoles with polar-core vortex to those with Mermin-Ho vortex. The spin-orbit coupled Bose-Einstein condensates not only provide a new unique platform for investigating exotic monopoles and relevant phase transitions, but also can preserve stable monopoles after a quadrupole field is turned off.