Skill-Biased Technology Transfer

Skill-Biased Technology Transfer
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偏向技能的技术转让

DOI:
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发表时间:
2000
期刊:
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影响因子:
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通讯作者:
S. Machin
S. Machin
中科院分区:
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文献类型:
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作者:
S. Gibbons;Marco Morales;Lupin Rahman;E. Berman;S. Machin

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本文利用全球制造业样本研究了发展中国家技术变革的技能偏差。我们报告称,在 20 世纪 80 年代,中等收入国家(人均 GDP 在 2000 美元至 10,000 美元之间)对技术工人的需求显着增加。这种增长主要是由于行业内的技能升级,而不是就业从低技能行业到高技能行业的重新分配,并且不能用资本技能互补性来解释,因此表明技术变革偏向于技能。此外,在 20 世纪 80 年代中等收入国家替代熟练劳动力的行业在 20 世纪 60 年代、1970 年代和 1980 年代一直在美国进行。我们的结论是,近期偏向技能的创新迅速从发达国家转移到中等收入国家,但没有发现转移到低收入国家的证据。 Eli Berman Stephen Machin 波士顿大学 伦敦大学学院 eli@bu.edu s.machin@ucl.ac.uk http://econ.bu.edu/eli
This paper investigates the skill-bias of technological change in developing countries using a global sample of manufacturing industries. We report a striking increase in demand for skilled workers in the 1980s in middle income countries (GDP/capita between $2000 and $10,000). This increase is mostly due to skill-upgrading within industries rather than a reallocation of employment from low to high-skill industries and cannot be explained by capital-skill complementarity, thus indicating skill-biased technological change. Furthermore, the same industries that substituted toward skilled labor in middleincome countries in the 1980s had been doing so in the U.S. through the 1960s, 1970s and 1980s. We conclude that recent skill-biased innovations migrated rapidly from developed to middle income countries, but find no evidence of transfer to low income countries. Eli Berman Stephen Machin Boston University University College, London eli@bu.edu s.machin@ucl.ac.uk http://econ.bu.edu/eli