High genetic variability in an ecologically variable vertebrate, Bufo viridis
High genetic variability in an ecologically variable vertebrate, Bufo viridis
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生态可变脊椎动物 Bufo viridis 的高遗传变异性
DOI：
10.1007/bf00484923
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发表时间：
1975
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
K. Chuang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
H. Dessauer;E. Nevo;K. Chuang
通过电泳分析了来自以色列 11 个种群和亚得里亚海维斯岛一个种群的 517 个绿蟾蜍样本中 26 个基因座编码的蛋白质的同种酶变异。这种蟾蜍的遗传变异是迄今为止所报道的脊椎动物中最高的。所有三个遗传参数，即每个基因座的平均等位基因数 (±)、每个群体的多态性基因座平均比例 () 和每个个体的平均杂合基因座数 () 都非常高（±=1.65，范围 1.38–2.04；=0.423，范围 0.346–0.615；=0.133，范围 0.108–0.159）。中部和边缘大陆人口的变化仅比沙漠隔离区稍大一些，但比维斯岛人口的变化要大得多。大陆人群之间的遗传相似性非常高（=0.951，范围0.93-0.97）。两个等位基因（Icd-1can和Tfa）的频率与干旱增加的生态梯度相关。调节酶似乎比非调节酶对整体多态性的贡献更大。观察到的遗传变异表明，杂合性选择作为一种适应性策略正在绿蟾蜍生活的生态可变环境中发挥作用。
Allozymic variation in proteins encoded by 26 loci was analyzed electrophoretically in 517 specimens of green toads from 11 populations from Israel and one population from Vis Island in the Adriatic Sea. Genetic variation in this toad is the highest yet reported in any vertebrate. All three genetic parameters, mean number of alleles per locus (Ā), mean proportion of loci polymorphic per population (), and mean number of heterozygous loci per individual (), are very high (Ā=1.65, range 1.38–2.04;=0.423, range .346–0.615;=0.133, range 0.108–0.159). Central and marginal mainland populations are only slightly more variable than desert isolates, but much more variable than the Vis Island population. Genetic similarity is very high between mainland populations (=0.951, range 0.93–0.97). Frequencies of two alleles(Icd-1candTfa) are correlated with an ecological gradient of increasing aridity. Regulatory enzymes appeared to contribute more to overall polymorphism than non-regulatory enzymes. The genetic variation observed suggests that selection for heterozygosity as an adaptive strategy is operating in the ecologically variable environment in which green toads live.