GHOST: A Satellite Mission Concept for Persistent Monitoring of Stratospheric Gravity Waves Induced by Severe Storms
GHOST: A Satellite Mission Concept for Persistent Monitoring of Stratospheric Gravity Waves Induced by Severe Storms
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GHOST：持续监测强风暴引起的平流层重力波的卫星任务概念
DOI：
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发表时间：
2018
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
P. Partain
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文献类型：
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作者：
D. Tratt;J. Hackwell;B. Valant;R. Walterscheid;L. Gelinas;J. Hecht;C. Swenson;C. Lampen;M. Alexander;L. Hoffmann;D. Nolan;S. Miller;Jeffrey L. Hall;R. Atlas;F. Marks;P. Partain
热带气旋快速增强预报是飓风预报中亟待解决的问题之一。在有利的大气条件下，在气辉和二氧化碳热发射光谱中可以清楚地看到由强对流上升气流发射的重力波特征。通过以高节奏持续监测从主要发展区域到美国大陆脆弱地区的大西洋飓风带，将有可能调查风暴引起的重力波观测在诊断即将来临的风暴加强方面的效用。这样的能力也将大大提高我们描述高层大气重力波三维瞬态行为的能力，并为未来的观测策略指明道路，以减轻严重风暴对人类生命造成的风险。本文描述了一种新的任务概念，该任务涉及一个中红外成像仪，该成像仪搭载在位于西经约80°的地球同步卫星上。传感器的3公里像素尺寸确保了重力波水平结构的充分解析，而30秒的刷新率可以提高动态增强过程的清晰度。这样，由对流和气旋风暴引起的重力波扰动的瞬态发展可以近实时地辨别出来。
The prediction of tropical cyclone rapid intensification is one of the most pressing unsolved problems in hurricane forecasting. The signatures of gravity waves launched by strong convective updrafts are often clearly seen in airglow and carbon dioxide thermal emission spectra under favorable atmospheric conditions. By continuously monitoring the Atlantic hurricane belt from the main development region to the vulnerable sections of the continental United States at high cadence, it will be possible to investigate the utility of storm-induced gravity wave observations for the diagnosis of impending storm intensification. Such a capability would also enable significant improvements in our ability to characterize the 3D transient behavior of upper-atmospheric gravity waves and point the way to future observing strategies that could mitigate the risk to human life caused by severe storms. This paper describes a new mission concept involving a midinfrared imager hosted aboard a geostationary satellite positioned at approximately 80°W longitude. The sensor’s 3-km pixel size ensures that the gravity wave horizontal structure is adequately resolved, while a 30-s refresh rate enables improved definition of the dynamic intensification process. In this way the transient development of gravity wave perturbations caused by both convective and cyclonic storms may be discerned in near–real time.