SPARKs: Succinct Parallelizable Arguments of Knowledge
SPARKs: Succinct Parallelizable Arguments of Knowledge
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SPARKs:简洁的可并行知识论证
DOI:
10.1145/3549523
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发表时间:
2022
影响因子:
2.5
通讯作者:
Pass, Rafael
中科院分区:
文献类型:
--
作者:
Ephraim, Naomi;Freitag, Cody;Komargodski, Ilan;Pass, Rafael
We introduce the notion of aSuccinct Parallelizable Argument of Knowledge(SPARK). This is an argument of knowledge with the following three efficiency properties for computing and proving a (non-deterministic, polynomial time) parallel RAM computation that can be computed in parallel timeTwith at mostpprocessors:—The prover’s (parallel) running time is. (In other words, the prover’s running time is essentiallyTfor large computation times!)—The prover uses at mostprocessors.—The communication and verifier complexity are both.The combination of all three is desirable, as it gives a way to leverage a moderate increase in parallelism in favor of near-optimal running time. We emphasize that even a factor two overhead in the prover’s parallel running time is not allowed.Our main contribution is a generic construction of SPARKs from any succinct argument of knowledge where the prover’s parallel running time iswhen usingpprocessors, assuming collision-resistant hash functions. When suitably instantiating our construction, we achieve a four-round SPARK foranyparallel RAM computation assuming only collision resistance. Additionally assuming the existence of a succinctnon-interactiveargument of knowledge (SNARK), we construct a non-interactive SPARK that also preserves the space complexity of the underlying computation up tofactors.We also show the following applications of non-interactive SPARKs. First, they immediately imply delegation protocols with near optimal prover (parallel) running time. This, in turn, gives a way to construct verifiable delay functions (VDFs) from any sequential function. When the sequential function is also memory-hard, this yields the first construction of a memory-hard VDF.
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DOI:
--
发表时间:
2017
期刊:
Theory of Cryptography Conference
影响因子:
--
作者:
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通讯作者:
Björn Tackmann
DOI:
10.1145/2699436
发表时间:
2015-09
期刊:
Journal of the ACM (JACM)
影响因子:
--
作者:
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通讯作者:
S. Goldwasser;Y. Kalai;G. Rothblum
DOI:
--
发表时间:
2020
期刊:
IEEE Annual Symposium on Foundations of Computer Science
影响因子:
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作者:
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通讯作者:
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DOI:
--
发表时间:
2006
期刊:
影响因子:
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作者:
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通讯作者:
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影响因子:
3
作者:
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