Liver Metabolome and Proteome Response of Turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) to Lysine and Leucine in Free and Dipeptide Forms
Liver Metabolome and Proteome Response of Turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) to Lysine and Leucine in Free and Dipeptide Forms
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DOI：
10.3389/fmars.2021.691404
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发表时间：
2021-06
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Yuliang Wei;Benxiang Li;Houguo Xu;Mengqing Liang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Yuliang Wei;Benxiang Li;Houguo Xu;Mengqing Liang
组学方法提供了更多的代谢信息来解释饮食营养和鱼类生长之间的关系。本研究采用基于LC-MS/MS的代谢组学和基于等压标记的相对和绝对定量(ITRAQ)的蛋白质组学方法，研究了含赖氨酸和亮氨酸的饲料中游离和二肽形式的大比目鱼的代谢组和蛋白质组反应。以植物蛋白为基础的日粮以游离氨基酸[晶态氨基酸(CAA)]和合成赖氨酸-亮氨酸(Lys-Leu)形式含有相当于赖氨酸和亮氨酸的成分。在8周的饲养试验后，对饲喂CAA饲料或Lys-Leu饲料的鱼的肝脏代谢组和蛋白质组进行了筛选。与饲喂CAA饲料的鱼相比，饲喂Lys-Leu饲料的鱼显示出显著更高的最终体重和特定的生长率。根据不同的代谢物和蛋白质，在Lys-Leu组和CAA组之间，确定了肝脏中与蛋白质和氨基酸相关的代谢过程。肝脏差异蛋白的蛋白水解酶和氨基酸转运体表明，饲料中赖氨酸和亮氨酸的不同形态可能影响蛋白质的消化和吸收过程。通过差异蛋白质鉴定了雷帕霉素复合体1和泛素蛋白酶体途径的机制靶点，它们参与了肝脏蛋白质的合成和降解过程。根据不同的代谢物和蛋白质，确定了赖氨酸降解、色氨酸代谢、丙氨酸、天冬氨酸和谷氨酸代谢、精氨酸生物合成、精氨酸和脯氨酸代谢以及甘氨酸、丝氨酸和苏氨酸代谢，这表明包括赖氨酸在内的各种氨基酸的代谢都受到CAA和Lys-Leu基团的影响。综上所述，综合代谢组学和蛋白质组学的数据表明，饲料中不同形式的赖氨酸和亮氨酸可能会影响肝脏的代谢过程，包括蛋白质的消化和吸收、蛋白质的合成和降解以及氨基酸的代谢。此外，基于LC-MS/MS的综合代谢组学和基于iTRAQ的蛋白质组学方法在氨基酸代谢中观察到差异代谢物与蛋白质之间的良好相关性。
Omics approaches provide more metabolic information to explain the relationship between dietary nutrition and fish growth. This study aimed to explore the metabolome and proteome response of turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) fed diets containing lysine and leucine in free and dipeptide forms by the approaches of integrated liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS)-based metabolomics and isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ)-based proteomics. Plant protein-based diets were formulated to contain the equivalent of lysine and leucine in free amino acid [crystalline amino acid (CAA)] and synthetic Lys-Leu (Lys-Leu) forms. The metabolome and proteome profiles of the liver were screened in fish fed either the CAA diet or the Lys-Leu diet after an 8-week feeding trial. Fish fed the Lys-Leu diet showed a significantly higher final body weight and a specific growth rate compared with fish fed the CAA diet. Protein- and amino acid-related metabolic processes in the liver were identified between the Lys-Leu and CAA groups based on differential metabolites and proteins. The proteolytic enzymes and amino acid transporters from differential proteins of the liver showed that the process of protein digestion and absorption may be affected by the different forms of lysine and leucine in the feed. A mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 and ubiquitin proteasome pathways were identified by differential proteins, which were involved in the processes of protein synthesis and degradation in the liver. Lysine degradation, tryptophan metabolism, alanine, aspartate, and glutamate metabolism, arginine biosynthesis, arginine and proline metabolism, and glycine, serine, and threonine metabolism were identified based on differential metabolites and proteins, which showed that the metabolism of various amino acids, including lysine, had been affected by both the CAA and Lys-Leu groups. In conclusion, the data of integrated metabonomics and proteomics suggested that different forms of lysine and leucine in the feed may affect liver metabolic processes including protein digestion and absorption, protein synthesis and degradation, and amino acid metabolism. In addition, a good correlation between differential metabolites and proteins was observed in amino acid metabolism by using the approaches of integrated LC-MS/MS-based metabolomics and iTRAQ-based proteomics.