Actin organization and dynamics: novel regulatory mechanisms from the biophysical to the tissue level.
Actin organization and dynamics: novel regulatory mechanisms from the biophysical to the tissue level.
复制标题
肌动蛋白组织和动力学：从生物物理到组织水平的新型调节机制。
DOI：
10.1091/mbc.e12-12-0879
复制
发表时间：
2013
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
DeLaCruz,EnriqueM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Miller,AnnL;DeLaCruz,EnriqueM
适当调节的肌动蛋白组织和动力学是至关重要的细胞过程，如细胞迁移，细胞分裂和细胞连接的维持。在ASCB 2012年会议上，“肌动蛋白组织和动力学”Minisymphonium的发言者强调了肌动蛋白动力学调节的新的有趣机制。会议范围广泛，从纯化成分的体外生物化学和生物物理研究到细胞和组织水平的研究。重点是切断机制和力学，以及细胞中调控途径的复杂性。De拉克鲁斯介绍了关于阳离子如何通过调节蛋白cofilin影响纤维力学和切断的工作。Kang使用结构生物信息学确定了两个潜在的特异性阳离子结合位点，并根据位点突变对盐依赖性组装和弯曲力学的影响将其分别归类为“聚合”和“刚度”位点。Cofilin增强肌动蛋白丝弯曲和扭曲的顺应性，它是假设，局部机械不连续性部分装饰丝促进切断在裸露和cofilindoredicted段的边界。使用天然和工程酵母肌动蛋白突变体，Kang表明，由人类cofilin解离刚性位点阳离子驱动丝弯曲力学的变化，这是切断所需的。
Properly regulated actin organization and dynamics are crucial for cellular processes such as cell migration, cell division, and maintenance of cell–cell junctions. Speakers in the “Actin Organization and Dynamics” Minisymposium at the ASCB 2012 meeting highlighted new and interesting mechanisms that underlie the regulation of actin dynamics. The session was broad in scope, ranging from in vitro biochemical and biophysical studies with purified components to cellular-and tissue-level studies. There was an emphasis on severing mechanisms and mechanics, as well as the complexities of regulatory pathways in cells.Hyeran Kang (Yale University), a postdoc with Enrique M. De La Cruz, presented work on how cations affect filament mechanics and severing via the regulatory protein, cofilin. Kang identified, using structural bioinformatics, two potential filament-specific cationbinding sites and classified them as “polymerization” and “stiffness” sites based on the effects that mutations at the sites have on saltdependent assembly and bending mechanics, respectively. Cofilin enhances actin filament bending and twisting compliance, and it is hypothesized that local mechanical discontinuities in partially decorated filaments promote severing at boundaries of bare and cofilindecorated segments. Using native and engineered yeast actin mutants, Kang showed that dissociation of stiffness site cations by human cofilin drives changes in filament bending mechanics and that this is required for severing.