Neuronal activity of orexin and non-orexin waking-active neurons during wake-sleep states in the mouse
Neuronal activity of orexin and non-orexin waking-active neurons during wake-sleep states in the mouse
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DOI：
10.1016/j.neuroscience.2008.02.058
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发表时间：
2008-05-15
期刊：
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Sakai, K.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Takahashi, K.;Lin, J. -S.;Sakai, K.
采用细胞外单细胞记录法或结合神经生物素标记法和下丘脑增食欲素免疫组织化学法，在小鼠下丘脑后部增食欲素神经元区共记录到452个神经元。其中，76个表现出紧张性放电高度特定于觉醒，被称为唤醒活跃神经元。它们在锋电位形状、活动曲线和对唤醒声音刺激的反应方面彼此表现出差异，并且可以根据锋电位形状分为三组：1）双相宽; 2）双相窄;和3）三相。觉醒神经元的特点是双相宽尖峰食欲素免疫阳性，而那些特点是双相窄或三相宽尖峰食欲素免疫阴性。与觉醒特异性组胺神经元不同，所有食欲素和非食欲素觉醒活性神经元在觉醒期间表现出缓慢（< 10 Hz）的紧张性放电，并在脑电图（EEG）同步（失活）开始后不久停止放电，EEG标志着睡眠（困倦状态）。他们在慢波睡眠期间几乎保持沉默，但在反常（或快速眼动）睡眠期间显示短暂放电。在从睡眠到觉醒的过渡期间，食欲素和三相非食欲素神经元在EEG激活（觉醒的EEG标志）开始之前成簇地发射，并且以短的潜伏期对睡眠期间给予的唤醒声音刺激作出反应。相比之下，双相狭窄的非食欲素神经元发射在单一的尖峰之前，或之后，在同一过渡期间，EEG激活和响应的刺激具有较长的潜伏期。在从异相睡眠到清醒的过渡期，所有觉醒神经元的活动都先于肌肉紧张性的恢复。这些数据支持的观点，食欲素和非食欲素唤醒活跃的神经元在后下丘脑的活动起着重要的唤醒促进作用，他们的活动拮抗皮质失活和肌张力的损失。(C)2008年IBRO。由爱思唯尔有限公司出版。保留所有权利。
Using extracellular single unit recordings alone or in combination with neurobiotin juxtacellular labeling and orexin (hypocretin) immunohistochemistry in the mouse, we have recorded a total of 452 neurons in the orexin neuron field of the posterior hypothalamus. Of these, 76 exhibited tonic discharge highly specific to wakefulness, referred to as waking-active neurons. They showed differences from each other in terms of spike shape, activity profile, and response to an arousing sound stimulus and could be classified into three groups on the basis of spike shape as: 1) biphasic broad; 2) biphasic narrow; and 3) triphasic. Waking-active neurons characterized by biphasic broad spikes were orexin-immunopositive, whereas those characterized by either biphasic narrow or triphasic broad spikes were orexin-immunonegative. Unlike waking-specific histamine neurons, all orexin and non-orexin waking-active neurons exhibited slow (< 10 Hz) tonic discharges during wakefulness and ceased firing shortly after the onset of electroencephalogram (EEG) synchronization (deactivation), the EEG sign of sleep (drowsy state). They remained virtually silent during slow-wave sleep, but displayed transient discharges during paradoxical (or rapid eye movement) sleep. During the transition from sleep to wakefulness, both orexin and triphasic non-orexin neurons fired in clusters prior to the onset of EEG activation, the EEG sign of wakefulness, and responded with a short latency to an arousing sound stimulus given during sleep. In contrast, the biphasic narrow non-orexin neurons fired in single spikes either prior to, or after, EEG activation during the same transition and responded to the stimulus with a longer latency. The activity of all waking-active neurons preceded the return of muscle tonus at the transition from paradoxical sleep to wakefulness. These data support the view that the activity of orexin and non-orexin waking-active neurons in the posterior hypothalamus plays an important wake-promoting role and that their activity antagonizes cortical deactivation and loss of muscle tone. (C) 2008 IBRO. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.