Use of green spaces, self-satisfaction and social contacts in adolescents: A population-based CASPIAN-V study
Use of green spaces, self-satisfaction and social contacts in adolescents: A population-based CASPIAN-V study
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DOI：
10.1016/j.envres.2018.09.033
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发表时间：
2019-01-01
影响因子：
8.3
通讯作者：
Kelishadi, Roya
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Dadvand, Payam;Hariri, Sanam;Kelishadi, Roya
背景越来越多的证据表明，与绿色空间接触可以改善成年人的心理健康和幸福感。社会接触被认为是这种影响的潜在机制。然而，现有的证据之间的关联绿色空间和自我满意度，也中介作用的社会接触中的健康效益的绿色空间在青少年仍然是非常稀缺的。我们的目的是评估青少年在不同类型的绿色空间中度过的时间与自我满意度和社会交往的关联。我们还调查了中介作用的社会接触协会的绿色空间的使用和self-satisfactions.Methods：这项横断面研究是基于人口代表性样本的10,856青少年（10-18岁）生活在城市和农村地区的30个省的伊朗（2015年）。在绿色空间（分别为公园，森林和私人花园），自我满意度，社会交往（朋友的数量和与朋友一起度过的时间），和社会人口特征的时间花费的数据，通过问卷从父母和孩子。Logistic混合效应模型与招聘中心的随机效应估计协会调整相关covariates.Results：花费更多的时间在绿色空间与提高自我满意度和社会联系。虽然对于自我满意度，没有迹象表明性别，社会经济地位（SES）和城市化的影响，但我们观察到年龄较大的青少年（> 14岁）有更强的关联。对于社会接触，我们发现男孩，年龄较大的青少年，居住在农村地区，以及来自最低和最高SES组的人有更强的关联。社会接触可以解释一半以上的绿色空间使用和self-satisfactions.Conclusions之间的关联：我们观察到的增强自我满意度和社会接触与更多的时间花在绿色空间可以提供政策制定者的措施，以改善青少年的心理健康。需要进一步的研究来复制我们在不同气候，文化和生活方式的其他人群中的发现。
Background. A growing body of evidence has associated contact with green spaces with improved mental health and wellbeing in adults. Social contacts has been postulated as a potential mechanism underlying such effects. However, the available evidence on the association between green spaces and self-satisfaction and also the mediatory role of social contacts in health benefits of green spaces in adolescents is still very scarce. We aimed to evaluate the association of time spent in different types of green spaces with self-satisfaction and social contacts in adolescents. We also investigated the mediatory role of social contacts in the association of green space use and self-satisfaction.Methods: This cross-sectional study was based on a population-representative sample of 10,856 adolescents (10-18 years old) living in urban and rural districts across 30 provinces of Iran (2015). Data on the time spent in green spaces (separately for parks, forests and private gardens), self-satisfaction, social contacts (number of friends and time spent with friends), and socio-demographic characteristics were obtained through questionnaires from parents and children. Logistic mixed effects models with recruitment centre as the random effect were developed to estimate associations adjusted for relevant covariates.Results: More time spent in green spaces was associated with improved self-satisfaction and social contacts. While for the self-satisfaction, there was no indication for effect modification by sex, socioeconomic status (SES), and urbanity, we observed stronger associations for older adolescents (> 14 years old). For social contacts, we found indications for stronger associations for boys, older adolescents, those residing in rural areas, and those from lowest and highest SES groups. Social contacts could explain more than half of the association between green spaces use and self-satisfaction.Conclusions: Our observed enhanced self-satisfaction and social contacts associated with more time spent in green spaces could provide policymakers with measures to improve mental wellbeing of adolescents. Further studies are required to replicate our findings in other populations with different climates, cultures and lifestyles.