Bolt: Towards a Scalable Docker Registry via Hyperconvergence
Bolt: Towards a Scalable Docker Registry via Hyperconvergence
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Bolt：通过超融合实现可扩展的 Docker 注册表
DOI：
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发表时间：
2019
期刊：
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通讯作者：
A. Butt
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Michael Littley;Ali Anwar;Hannan Fayyaz;Zeshan Fayyaz;Vasily Tarasov;Lukas Rupprecht;Dimitrios Skourtis;Mohamed Mohamed;Heiko Ludwig;Yue Cheng;A. Butt
Docker容器镜像通常存储在集中式注册表中，以允许轻松共享镜像。然而，随着容器化软件的日益普及，注册表需要存储的映像数量以及需要服务的请求速率正在迅速增加。当前的注册表设计需要跨多个松散连接的服务器托管注册表服务，这些服务器具有不同的角色，例如负载平衡器、代理、注册表服务器和对象存储服务器。由于各种单独的组件，注册中心很难扩展，并且从缓存等优化中获得的好处也很有限。在本文中，我们提出，实施和评估BOLT-一种新的超融合设计的容器注册表。在BOLT中，所有注册服务器都是紧密连接的集群的一部分，并扮演相同的统一角色：每个注册服务器将映像缓存在其内存中，将映像存储在其本地存储中，并提供计算资源来处理客户端请求。该设计采用了自定义的一致性哈希函数，以利用分层结构和图像寻址，并在不同的服务器上负载平衡请求。我们使用真实的生产工作负载进行的评估表明，BOLT的性能明显优于传统的注册表设计，并将延迟提高了一个数量级，吞吐量提高了5倍。与最先进的技术相比，BOLT可以更有效地利用缓存空间，并从其缓存中提供高达35%的请求。此外，BOLT线性扩展，并从故障恢复中恢复，而不会显着降低性能。
Docker container images are typically stored in a centralized registry to allow easy sharing of images. However, with the growing popularity of containerized software, the number of images that a registry needs to store and the rate of requests it needs to serve are increasing rapidly. Current registry design requires hosting registry services across multiple loosely connected servers with different roles such as load balancers, proxies, registry servers, and object storage servers. Due to the various individual components, registries are hard to scale and benefits from optimizations such as caching are limited. In this paper we propose, implement, and evaluate BOLT-a new hyperconverged design for container registries. In BOLT, all registry servers are part of a tightly connected cluster and play the same consolidated role: each registry server caches images in its memory, stores images in its local storage, and provides computational resources to process client requests. The design employs a custom consistent hashing function to take advantage of the layered structure and addressing of images and to load balance requests across different servers. Our evaluation using real production workloads shows that BOLT outperforms the conventional registry design significantly and improves latency by an order of magnitude and throughput by up to 5x. Compared to state-of-the-art, BOLT can utilize cache space more efficiently and serve up to 35% more requests from its cache. Furthermore, BOLT scales linearly and recovers from failure recovery without significant performance degradation.