Overview and outlook of research and innovation in energy systems with carbon dioxide as the working fluid
Overview and outlook of research and innovation in energy systems with carbon dioxide as the working fluid
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DOI：
10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2021.117180
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发表时间：
2021-06-07
影响因子：
6.4
通讯作者：
Markides, Christos N.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bianchi, Giuseppe;Besagni, Giorgio;Markides, Christos N.
二氧化碳(CO2，R744)是一种天然工质，具有有趣的热物理性质，在广泛的能源应用领域引起了学术界和工业界的强烈关注。基于二氧化碳的能源系统的技术准备程度非常不同，因为自20世纪90年代以来，这种流体一直受到越来越多的考虑。因此，二氧化碳能源研究的最新水平从基础热流体和化学科学到商业系统创新。在简要介绍了正在进行的活动之后，本文提出了参考制冷、供热和电力部门进行二氧化碳能源研究的路线图。重点讨论了系统和部件两级的关键知识差距和主要挑战。还概述了促进对二氧化碳能源系统的理解和技术成熟度的途径。
Carbon dioxide (CO2, R744) is a natural working fluid with interesting thermophysical properties that have stimulated strong attention by the academic and industrial communities for a broad range of energy applications. The technology readiness level of CO2-based energy systems is very diverse due to the increasing consideration that the fluid has been receiving since the 1990s. Hence, the state of the art in CO2 energy research spans from fundamental thermofluid and chemistry science to commercial system innovations. After a brief compendium on ongoing activities, this paper proposes a roadmap for CO2 energy research with reference to the cooling, heating and power sectors. The key knowledge gaps and the main challenges at system and component levels are critically discussed. Pathways to advance the understanding and the technological maturity of CO2 energy systems are also outlined.