Pre-symptomatic detection of Plasmopara viticola infection in grapevine leaves using chlorophyll fluorescence imaging
Pre-symptomatic detection of Plasmopara viticola infection in grapevine leaves using chlorophyll fluorescence imaging
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DOI：
10.1007/s10658-009-9482-7
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发表时间：
2009-10-01
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Olejnickova, Julie
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Csefalvay, Ladislav;Di Gaspero, Gabriele;Olejnickova, Julie
葡萄生单轴霉（Plasmopara viticola）是葡萄树的一种重要的经济病原体。及早发现葡萄叶霉感染可以改善杀菌剂治疗。我们的研究旨在确定叶绿素荧光 (Chl-F) 成像是否可用于揭示在类似于商业葡萄园中发生的条件下葡萄叶霉感染的早期阶段。光系统 II（I 断竖条（PSII））的最大（F-V/F-M）和有效量子产率被确定为感染最敏感的报告基因。人工接种叶片中 F-V/F-M 和 I 折断竖条 (PSII) 的不均匀分布与可见症状出现前 3 天和孢子释放前 5 天发育中的菌丝体的存在有关。 F-V/F-M 和 I 折断垂直条 (PSII) 的显着变化在空间上与叶片上的局部接种点一致。 F-V/F-M 的减少仅限于后来产生孢子的叶区，而 I 断裂垂直条 (PSII) 显着降低的区域较大，可能反映了光合作用受损的叶部。我们的结果表明 Chl-F 可用于早期检测 P. viticola 感染。由于葡萄叶霉不会在宿主组织中系统性扩张，并且感染的影响是局部的，因此高分辨率 Chl-F 成像对于在现场揭示疾病是必要的。
Plasmopara viticola is an economically important pathogen of grapevine. Early detection of P. viticola infection can lead to improved fungicide treatment. Our study aimed to determine whether chlorophyll fluorescence (Chl-F) imaging can be used to reveal early stages of P. viticola infection under conditions similar to those occurring in commercial vineyards. Maximum (F-V/F-M) and effective quantum yield of photosystem II (I broken vertical bar(PSII)) were identified as the most sensitive reporters of the infection. Heterogeneous distribution of F-V/F-M and I broken vertical bar(PSII) in artificially inoculated leaves was associated with the presence of the developing mycelium 3 days before the occurrence of visible symptoms and 5 days before the release of spores. Significant changes of F-V/F-M and I broken vertical bar(PSII) were spatially coincident with localised spots of inoculation across the leaf lamina. Reduction of F-V/F-M was restricted to the leaf area that later yielded sporulation, while the area with significantly lower I broken vertical bar(PSII) was larger and probably reflected the leaf parts in which photosynthesis was impaired. Our results indicate that Chl-F can be used for the early detection of P. viticola infection. Because P. viticola does not expand systemically in the host tissues and the effects of infection are localised, Chl-F imaging at high resolution is necessary to reveal the disease in the field.