Principles, mechanisms, and biological implications of translation termination-reinitiation.
Principles, mechanisms, and biological implications of translation termination-reinitiation.
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DOI：
10.1261/rna.079375.122
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发表时间：
2023-07
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影响因子：
--
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从DNA序列到功能蛋白质的基因表达途径并不像中心法则的简单解释那样简单。每一步都受到高度调控，具有复杂且仅部分了解的分子机制。翻译是“一个基因一个蛋白质”范式被打破的一个步骤，因为通常单个成熟的真核mRNA会导致一种以上的蛋白质产物。发生这种情况的一种方式是通过翻译再起始，其中核糖体从一个起始位点开始制造蛋白质，翻译直到其终止于终止密码子，但随后逃避正常的再循环步骤，随后在不同的下游位点重新起始。这个过程现在被认为是重要和广泛的，但我们才刚刚开始了解终止，循环和引发引发重新启动事件的因素之间的相互作用。似乎有几种方法可以破坏循环以实现生产性的重新启动，不同类型的压力或信号触发了这一过程，其机制可能部分取决于事件发生在mRNA体内的位置。这种观点回顾了重新启动事件的独特特征和机制，突出了重新启动的三个主要场景之间的相似性和差异，并提出了悬而未决的问题，是未来研究的有希望的途径。
The gene expression pathway from DNA sequence to functional protein is not as straightforward as simple depictions of the central dogma might suggest. Each step is highly regulated, with complex and only partially understood molecular mechanisms at play. Translation is one step where the “one gene–one protein” paradigm breaks down, as often a single mature eukaryotic mRNA leads to more than one protein product. One way this occurs is through translation reinitiation, in which a ribosome starts making protein from one initiation site, translates until it terminates at a stop codon, but then escapes normal recycling steps and subsequently reinitiates at a different downstream site. This process is now recognized as both important and widespread, but we are only beginning to understand the interplay of factors involved in termination, recycling, and initiation that cause reinitiation events. There appear to be several ways to subvert recycling to achieve productive reinitiation, different types of stresses or signals that trigger this process, and the mechanism may depend in part on where the event occurs in the body of an mRNA. This perspective reviews the unique characteristics and mechanisms of reinitiation events, highlights the similarities and differences between three major scenarios of reinitiation, and raises outstanding questions that are promising avenues for future research.
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DOI：
10.1098/rstb.2016.0176
发表时间：
2017-03-19
期刊：
Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences
影响因子：
--
作者：
Cate JH
通讯作者：
Cate JH
影响因子：
7.3
作者：
Causier, Barry;Hopes, Tayah;McKay, Mary;Paling, Zachary;Davies, Brendan
通讯作者：
Davies, Brendan
影响因子：
7
作者：
Jagannathan S;Bradley RK
通讯作者：
Bradley RK
影响因子：
64.8
作者：
Djumagulov M;Demeshkina N;Jenner L;Rozov A;Yusupov M;Yusupova G
通讯作者：
Yusupova G
影响因子：
56.9
作者：
Chen, Jin;Brunner, Andreas-David;Weissman, Jonathan S.
通讯作者：
Weissman, Jonathan S.