Why are Arctic shrubs becoming more nitrogen limited?

Why are Arctic shrubs becoming more nitrogen limited?
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为什么北极灌木的氮含量越来越有限?

DOI:
10.1111/nph.17841
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发表时间:
2021
期刊:
影响因子:
9.4
通讯作者:
Street L
Street L
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Street L

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北极冻土带正在变得越来越多产,预计未来几十年还会有更大的变化。生物群规模的北极植物生产力的增加,至少部分归因于高大木本灌木的扩张(Mekonnen等人,2021a)。生产力的提高和灌木丰度的增加将产生深远的后果:从影响地表能量平衡和永久冻土的稳定,到改变草食动物的饲料供应,到确定全球碳(C)循环的强度--来自变暖的永久冻土的气候反馈。尽管有确凿的证据证明在生物群规模上提高了冻土带的生产力,但地面上的情况要复杂得多。随着时间的推移,一些地区的植物生长有所增加,但另一些地区的植物生长却没有增加,原因尚不完全清楚--随着北极变暖,植物生长可能与大量相互关联的因素有关。其中一些因素是高纬度环境所特有的;例如,短无雪生长季的延长或融化的永久冻土的养分释放增加。其他是全球性的,包括大气中二氧化碳浓度的上升或气候变暖对组织生长速度的直接影响。在最近发表在《新植物学家》上的一项新研究中,Martin等人(2021;DOI:10.1111/NPH)。17529)提供了树生态数据,挑战了我们对北极环境变化和植物生长之间联系的理解。
The Arctic tundra is becoming more productive, with further significant change expected over the coming decades. Biome-scale increases in Arctic plant productivity have, at least partly, been attributed to the expansion of tall woody shrubs (Mekonnen et al., 2021a). Increasing productivity and shrub abundance will have profound consequences: from influencing surface energy balance and permafrost stabilization, to altered forage provision for herbivores, to determining the strength of global carbon (C) cycle–climate feedbacks from warming permafrost soils. Though there is solid evidence for increasing tundra productivity at the biome scale, the picture on the ground is more complicated. Plant growth has increased over time in some regions but not others, for reasons that are not fully understood–growth could be responding to a large number of interrelated factors as the Arctic warms. Some of these factors are unique to high-latitude environments; for example, the lengthening of the short snow-free growing season or enhanced nutrient release from thawing permafrost soils. Others are global, including rising atmospheric CO2 concentrations or the direct effects of warming on tissue growth rates. In a new study recently published in New Phytologist, Martin et al.(2021; doi: 10. 1111/nph. 17529) presented dendroecological data that challenges our understanding of the links between Arctic environmental change and plant growth.
DOI: 10.2307/1939337
发表时间: 1995-04-01
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影响因子: 4.8
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DOI: --
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