Nonhuman primate models to evaluate vaccine safety and immunogenicity
Nonhuman primate models to evaluate vaccine safety and immunogenicity
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DOI：
10.1016/s0264-410x(96)00277-0
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发表时间：
1997-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
Hildebrand, W
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kennedy, RC;Shearer, MH;Hildebrand, W
当考虑临床前研究以评估推定的候选疫苗（如核酸疫苗）的安全性和免疫原性时，应考虑与人类最密切相关的物种。然而，500多万年前从人类分化出来的类人猿是濒危或受威胁的物种，限制了它们在临床前研究中的应用。此外，在生物医学研究中使用类人猿的成本考虑是另一个严重的限制。旧大陆的猴子（猕猴、狒狒、山鸡和白眉猴）在1500万年前与人类分道扬镳。许多旧大陆猴种属，包括恒河猴、食蟹猴和非洲绿色猴，也已用于生物医学研究，以评价疫苗的安全性和免疫原性。新世界猴（Aotus，猫头鹰，cebus猴和绒猴）是与人类遗传差异最大的动物，但它们也被用于开发许多人类传染病和肿瘤的非人类灵长类动物模型。简要讨论了选择特定的非人灵长类动物作为DNA疫苗安全性和免疫原性研究的优缺点。比较免疫学，生殖生理学，内源性感染因子，和成本的考虑进行了简要说明。(C)1997年爱思唯尔科学有限公司
When considering preclinical studies to evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of putative vaccine candidates, such as nucleic acid vaccines, species most closely related to humans should be considered Phylogenetically, the great apes (chimpanzees, orang utans, gorillas, and gibbons) are most closely related to humans. However, the great apes, which diverged from humans over 5 million years ago, represent endangered or threatened species that limits their utility in preclinical studies. In addition, cost considerations for using great apes in biomedical studies represents another serious limitation. The Old World monkeys, (macaques, baboons, mandrills, and mangabeys), diverged from humans over 15 million years ago. A number of the Old World monkey species including rhesus, cynomolgus, and African green monkeys, have also been employed in biomedical research to evaluate vaccine safety and immunogenicity. New World monkeys (aotus, owl, cebus monkeys, and marmosets) are the most phylogenetically divergent from humans, yet they have also been utilized to develop nonhuman primate models for a number of human infectious diseases and tumors. The advantages and disadvantages in selecting a particular nonhuman primate species for studies to evaluate DNA vaccine safety and immunogenicity are briefly discussed. Comparative immunology, reproductive physiology, endogenous infectious agents, and cost considerations are briefly described. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science Ltd.