Modeling age differences in effects of pair repetition and proactive interference using a single parameter.
Modeling age differences in effects of pair repetition and proactive interference using a single parameter.
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使用单个参数对成对重复和主动干扰的影响的年龄差异进行建模。
DOI：
10.1037/pag0000195
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发表时间：
2018
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Overman,AmyA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Stephens,JosephDW;Overman,AmyA
在本文中，我们将快速眼动模型（Shiffrin & Steyvers, 1997）应用于联想记忆的年龄差异。利用Criss和Shiffrin（2005）的快速眼动的联想版本，我们表明，在两个研究列表中重复成对的任务中，老年人从重复成对中获益的减少可能是由于存储在记忆中的信息的诊断能力普遍降低。这种减少可以通过降低记忆特征的整体独特性或降低记忆编码的准确性来模拟。我们报告了一个新的实验，其中配对在3个研究列表中重复，并相应地扩展了模型。最后，我们使用相同的任务范式将模型扩展到先前报道的数据，其中高关联策略的使用在年轻人中引入了主动干扰效应，而在老年人中则没有。降低记忆中信息的诊断性也降低了主动干扰效应。综上所述，本文所报道的模型和实证结果与以下观点一致：一些年龄差异似乎是特定于联想信息的，可以通过存储在记忆中的信息的普遍退化来产生。快速眼动模型提供了一个有用的框架，用于检查记忆的年龄差异，以及协调先前看似相互冲突的联想缺陷建模方法。（PsycInfo数据库记录(c) 2024 APA，版权所有）
In this article, we apply the REM model (Shiffrin & Steyvers, 1997) to age differences in associative memory. Using Criss and Shiffrin’s (2005) associative version of REM, we show that in a task with pairs repeated across 2 study lists, older adults’ reduced benefit of pair repetition can be produced by a general reduction in the diagnosticity of information stored in memory. This reduction can be modeled similarly well by reducing the overall distinctiveness of memory features, or by reducing the accuracy of memory encoding. We report a new experiment in which pairs are repeated across 3 study lists and extend the model accordingly. Finally, we extend the model to previously reported data using the same task paradigm, in which the use of a high-association strategy introduced proactive interference effects in young adults but not older adults. Reducing the diagnosticity of information in memory also reduces the proactive interference effect. Taken together, the modeling and empirical results reported here are consistent with the claim that some age differences that appear to be specific to associative information can be produced via general degradation of information stored in memory. The REM model provides a useful framework for examining age differences in memory as well as harmonizing seemingly conflicting prior modeling approaches for the associative deficit.(PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved)