Cortical flow aligns actin filaments to form a furrow
Cortical flow aligns actin filaments to form a furrow
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DOI：
10.7554/elife.17807
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发表时间：
2016-10-10
期刊：
影响因子：
7.7
通讯作者：
Grill, Stephan W.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Reymann, Anne-Cecile;Staniscia, Fabio;Grill, Stephan W.
真核细胞的胞质分裂常伴有肌动球蛋白皮质流动。30多年前，Borisy和White提出，聚集在细胞赤道的皮质流压缩了肌动球蛋白网络，从而机械地排列肌动蛋白丝。然而，肌动蛋白丝也通过搜索和捕获来排列，以及在多大程度上由流动压缩或主动排列驱动沟形成仍不清楚。在这里，我们量化了秀丽隐杆线虫合子中肌动蛋白丝在环组装开始时的动态组织，并利用活性向列凝胶理论为确定紧急肌动蛋白材料参数提供了一个框架。我们描述了流动-对准耦合，并在定量水平上验证了流动压缩驱动环形成。最后，我们发现主动对准增强了但不是环形成所必需的。我们的工作描述了肌动球蛋白环形成的物理机制，并强调了流动作为肌动球蛋白网络结构的中心组织者的作用。
Cytokinesis in eukaryotic cells is often accompanied by actomyosin cortical flow. Over 30 years ago, Borisy and White proposed that cortical flow converging upon the cell equator compresses the actomyosin network to mechanically align actin filaments. However, actin filaments also align via search -and-capture, and to what extent compression by flow or active alignment drive furrow formation remains unclear. Here, we quantify the dynamical organization of actin filaments at the onset of ring assembly in the C. elegans zygote, and provide a framework for determining emergent actomyosin material parameters by the use of active nematic gel theory. We characterize flow-alignment coupling, and verify at a quantitative level that compression by flow drives ring formation. Finally, we find that active alignment enhances but is not required for ring formation. Our work characterizes the physical mechanisms of actomyosin ring formation and highlights the role of flow as a central organizer of actomyosin network architecture.