Prokaryotic diversity of arctic ice shelf microbial mats
Prokaryotic diversity of arctic ice shelf microbial mats
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1462-2920.2007.01516.x
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发表时间：
2008-04-01
影响因子：
5.1
通讯作者：
Whyte, Lyle G.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bottos, Eric M.;Vincent, Warwick F.;Whyte, Lyle G.
分析了加拿大高北极地区马卡姆冰架和沃德亨特冰架上微生物垫群落的原核多样性和呼吸活动。来自两个冰架的所有异养分离株和 > 95% 的细菌 16S rRNA 基因克隆库序列均属于拟杆菌门、变形菌门和放线菌门。克隆文库分析表明，两个冰架之间的细菌群落多样且差异显着，Markham 文库的估计多样性（Chao1 = 243；在 189 个克隆中观察到 105 个操作分类单元）高于 Ward Hunt 文库（Chao1 = 106；在 128 个克隆中观察到 52 个操作分类单元）。来自两个冰架的古菌 16S rRNA 基因克隆文库以单一广古菌序列为主，这似乎代表了一种新的系统发育型。通过放射呼吸分析对群落活动进行分析，检测到温度低至-10摄氏度时两个冰架的垫子样本中的新陈代谢。这些发现首次深入了解了北极冰架群落的原核生物多样性，并强调了这些低温生态系统作为适应极端寒冷的丰富微生物群来源的重要性。
The prokaryotic diversity and respiratory activity of microbial mat communities on the Markham Ice Shelf and Ward Hunt Ice Shelf in the Canadian high Arctic were analysed. All heterotrophic isolates and > 95% of bacterial 16S rRNA gene clone library sequences from both ice shelves grouped within the phyla Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria. Clone library analyses showed that the bacterial communities were diverse and varied significantly between the two ice shelves, with the Markham library having a higher estimated diversity (Chao1 = 243; 105 operational taxonomic units observed in 189 clones) than the Ward Hunt library (Chao1 = 106; 52 operational taxonomic units observed in 128 clones). Archaeal 16S rRNA gene clone libraries from both ice shelves were dominated by a single Euryarchaeota sequence, which appears to represent a novel phylotype. Analyses of community activity by radiorespiration assays detected metabolism in mat samples from both ice shelves at temperatures as low as -10 degrees C. These findings provide the first insight into the prokaryotic biodiversity of Arctic ice shelf communities and underscore the importance of these cryo-ecosystems as a rich source of microbiota that are adapted to extreme cold.