Open Robot Hardware: Progress, Benefits, Challenges, and Best Practices
Open Robot Hardware: Progress, Benefits, Challenges, and Best Practices
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DOI：
10.1109/mra.2022.3225725
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发表时间：
2022-12-19
影响因子：
5.7
通讯作者：
Dollar, Aaron M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Patel, Vatsal V.;Liarokapis, Minas V.;Dollar, Aaron M.
近年来，来自开源项目的技术在机器人领域得到了广泛采用。机器人技术的快速发展在一定程度上是由开源项目推动的，这些项目为研究人员提供了资源、工具和设备，以快速实施新的想法和方法。尤其是开源硬件，降低了进入新技术的门槛，可以进一步加速机器人技术的创新。但与开放软件相比，开放硬件也更难传播，因为它涉及复制物理组件，这要求用户对制造设备有足够的熟悉和接触。在这项工作中，我们首先回顾了开放式机器人硬件(ORH)的用户和开发者所面临的主要好处和挑战，然后介绍了在开发成功的ORH时可以采用的一些最佳实践。为了做到这一点，我们调查了80多个主要的ORH项目和倡议，这些项目和倡议横跨机器人技术的不同领域。最后，我们以调查的项目为例，确定进一步详细说明开发过程的策略，并指导开发人员完成ORH项目的设计、文档和发布阶段。
Technologies from open source projects have seen widespread adoption in robotics in recent years. The rapid pace of progress in robotics is in part fueled by open source projects, providing researchers with resources, tools, and devices to implement novel ideas and approaches quickly. Open source hardware, in particular, lowers the barrier of entry to new technologies and can further accelerate innovation in robotics. But open hardware is also more difficult to propagate in comparison to open software because it involves replicating physical components, which requires users to have sufficient familiarity and access to fabrication equipment. In this work, we present a review on open robot hardware (ORH) by first highlighting the key benefits and challenges encountered by users and developers of ORH, and then relaying some best practices that can be adopted in developing successful ORH. To accomplish this, we surveyed more than 80 major ORH projects and initiatives across different domains within robotics. Finally, we identify strategies exemplified by the surveyed projects to further detail the development process, and guide developers through the design, documentation, and dissemination stages of an ORH project.