Should I stay or should I go? Trafficking of plant extra-nuclear transcription factors
Should I stay or should I go? Trafficking of plant extra-nuclear transcription factors
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DOI：
10.1093/plcell/koad277
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发表时间：
2024-01-02
期刊：
影响因子：
11.6
通讯作者：
Otegui，Marisa S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Marathe，Sarika;Grotewold，Erich;Otegui，Marisa S.
所有生物学过程的核心是控制核基因表达，这主要是通过转录因子（TF）的作用来实现的，所述转录因子通常含有核定位信号（NLS）以促进它们转运到核中。然而，一些转录因子以转录非活性状态存在于细胞质中，并且仅响应于特定信号进入细胞核，所述信号在植物中包括生物或非生物胁迫。这些核外TF可以在细胞质中发现或与各种膜系统相关，包括内质网和质膜。它们可以是具有跨膜结构域的整合蛋白，或者通过酰化或膜结合结构域与脂质双层外周缔合。虽然超过30个植物转铁蛋白，其中大多数涉及应激反应，已被实验证明驻留在细胞核外，计算预测表明，这个数字要大得多。了解核外转录因子如何被贩运到细胞核中对于重建转录调控网络至关重要，该网络控制生物和非生物信号响应的主要细胞途径。在这里，我们提供了一个什么是已知的植物核-核TF保留，核贩运和翻译后修饰，最终使他们能够调节基因表达后进入细胞核的观点。
At the heart of all biological processes lies the control of nuclear gene expression, which is primarily achieved through the action of transcription factors (TFs) that generally contain a nuclear localization signal (NLS) to facilitate their transport into the nucleus. However, some TFs reside in the cytoplasm in a transcriptionally inactive state and only enter the nucleus in response to specific signals, which in plants include biotic or abiotic stresses. These extra-nuclear TFs can be found in the cytosol or associated with various membrane systems, including the endoplasmic reticulum and plasma membrane. They may be integral proteins with transmembrane domains or associate peripherally with the lipid bilayer via acylation or membrane-binding domains. Although over 30 plant TFs, most of them involved in stress responses, have been experimentally shown to reside outside the nucleus, computational predictions suggest that this number is much larger. Understanding how extra-nuclear TFs are trafficked into the nucleus is essential for reconstructing transcriptional regulatory networks that govern major cellular pathways in response to biotic and abiotic signals. Here, we provide a perspective on what is known on plant extranuclear-nuclear TF retention, nuclear trafficking, and the post-translational modifications that ultimately enable them to regulate gene expression upon entering the nucleus.