Length-Scale Dependent Phonon Interactions
Length-Scale Dependent Phonon Interactions
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DOI：
10.1007/978-1-4614-8651-0
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发表时间：
2014
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
S. Shinde;G. P. Srivastava
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
S. Shinde;G. P. Srivastava
声子作为固体中基本热激发的概念可以追溯到二十世纪初。声子是由晶体固体中原子围绕其平衡位置的集体简谐振荡产生的基元激发。声子实际上表现在材料的所有性质中。例如，电子与声学和光学声子的散射限制了电导率。光学声子强烈地影响半导体的光学性质，而声学声子是绝缘体和技术上重要的半导体中的主要热载体。声子-声子相互作用决定了高温下固体的热性质。控制半导体性质和几何形状的技术的出现使工程师能够设计出其功能来自控制电子相互作用的结构。现在，随着光刻技术极大地扩展了可用材料的列表和可达到的长度尺度的范围，用于设计其功能源自控制声子相互作用的器件的类似机会变得可用。目前，在这一领域的进展受到阻碍的差距，我们的知识声子运输跨越和沿着任意接口，散射的声子晶体缺陷和离域电子/集体电子激发，和非谐相互作用的结构与小的物理尺寸。还需要加强我们对声子介导的电子-电子相互作用的理解。缩小这些差距将使结构的设计，提供新的解决方案，并提高我们的纳米级电子和纳米力学的科学知识，包括从纳米团簇到表面的电子传输和机械谐振器的内部耗散。这一点变得尤为重要，因为这些材料在能量收集系统（如光电和热电）、下一代设备和传感系统中具有巨大的潜力。这本书的目的是发展一个有点全面的描述声子相互作用的系统与不同的尺寸和长度尺度。章节由公认的专家撰写，并按顺序排列，使研究人员能够对固体中声子的基本概念有连贯的理解。对它们的传播和相互作用的报道导致了
The concept of a phonon as the elementary thermal excitation in solids dates back to the start of the twentieth century. Phonons are elementary excitations arising from collective simple harmonic oscillations of atoms about their equilibrium sites in crystalline solids. Phonons manifest themselves practically in all properties of materials. For example, scattering of electrons with acoustic and optical phonons limits electrical conductivity. Optical phonons strongly influence optical properties of semiconductors, while acoustic phonons are dominant heat carriers in insulators and technologically important semiconductors. Phonon–phonon interactions dominate thermal properties of solids at elevated temperatures. The emergence of techniques for control of semiconductor properties and geometry has enabled engineers to design structures whose functionality is derived from controlling electron interactions. Now, as lithographic techniques have greatly expanded the list of available materials and the range of attainable length scales, similar opportunities for designing devices whose functionality is derived from controlling phonon interactions are becoming available. Currently, progress in this area is hampered by gaps in our knowledge of phonon transport across and along arbitrary interfaces, the scattering of phonons with crystal defects and delocalized electrons/collective electronic excitations, and anharmonic interactions in structures with small physical dimensions. There is also a need to enhance our understanding of phonon-mediated electron–electron interactions. Closing these gaps will enable the design of structures that provide novel solutions and enhance our scientific knowledge of nanoscale electronics and nanomechanics, including electron transport from nanoclusters to surfaces and internal dissipation in mechanical resonators. This becomes particularly important because of the great potential for use of these materials in energy harvesting systems (eg, photovoltaics and thermoelectrics), next generation devices, and sensing systems. This book is aimed at developing a somewhat comprehensive description of phonon interactions in systems with different dimensions and length scales. Chapters are written by acknowledged experts and arranged in a sequence that will enable the researcher to develop a coherent understanding of the fundamental concepts related to phonons in solids. Coverage of their propagation and interactions leads v