Unintended and teen pregnancy experiences of trans masculine people living in the United States
Unintended and teen pregnancy experiences of trans masculine people living in the United States
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DOI：
10.1080/26895269.2020.1824692
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发表时间：
2020-10-04
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Katz-Wise, Sabra L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Charlton, Brittany M.;Reynolds, Colleen A.;Katz-Wise, Sabra L.
背景跨性别男性比顺性别同龄人更有可能在青少年时期怀孕或意外怀孕，尽管对这些差异的起源知之甚少。目的本研究旨在描述青少年和意外怀孕的跨男性的经验，以阐明危险因素和妊娠相关的需求。方法作为美国性取向、性别认同和怀孕经历（SLOPE）研究的一部分，在2017年3月至2018年8月期间对10名年龄在20-59岁之间的跨性别男性进行了深入的半结构化访谈，他们经历了青少年或意外怀孕。录音采访专业转录，然后使用沉浸/结晶和专题分析方法进行分析。使用社会人口调查数据对这些主题进行了背景分析。结果从参与者的叙述中突出了四个主题：1）跨性别男性如何导航怀孕的身体（例如，由于怀孕而引起的性别焦虑加剧）; 2）文化环境在形成作为跨性别男性怀孕者的经历中的重要性（例如，怀孕和与性别有关的工作歧视）; 3）随着时间的推移怀孕的发展（例如，决策过程）;以及4）怀孕（和性别认同）如何影响与其他人的关系（例如，不良的家庭出身经历）。讨论本研究确定了跨性别男性青少年和意外怀孕的一些风险因素，包括身体和性虐待以及避孕措施的无效使用。这项研究还确定了这一人群的独特需求，包括：缓解性别焦虑，打击歧视，确保人们感到受欢迎，特别是在生殖保健领域。公共卫生从业人员、医疗保健提供者和支持网络（例如，选择的家庭）可以是主要的支持来源。关注风险因素、独特需求和支持来源将改善跨性别男性的生殖保健和怀孕体验。
Background Trans masculine people are more likely than cisgender peers to have a teen or unintended pregnancy, though little is known about the origins of these disparities. Aims This study aimed to describe teen and unintended pregnancy experiences among trans masculine people in order to elucidate risk factors and pregnancy-related needs. Methods As a part of the United States-based SexuaL Orientation, Gender Identity, and Pregnancy Experiences (SLOPE) study, in-depth, semi-structured interviews were conducted between March 2017 and August 2018 with 10 trans masculine people, ages 20-59 years, who experienced a teen or unintended pregnancy. Audio-recorded interviews were professionally transcribed, then analyzed using immersion/crystallization and thematic analysis approaches. The themes were contextualized using sociodemographic survey data. Results The four themes that were developed from participants' narratives highlighted: 1) how trans masculine people navigated having a pregnant body (e.g., heightened gender dysphoria due to being pregnant); 2) the importance of the cultural environment in shaping experiences as a trans masculine pregnant person (e.g., pregnancy and gender-related job discrimination); 3) the development of the pregnancy over time (e.g., decision-making processes); and 4) how pregnancy (and gender identity) affected relationships with other people (e.g., adverse family of origin experiences). Discussion This study identified a number of risk factors for teen and unintended pregnancies among trans masculine people including physical and sexual abuse as well as ineffective use of contraception. This research also identifies unique needs of this population, including: relieving gender dysphoria, combating discrimination, and ensuring people feel visible and welcome, particularly in reproductive healthcare spaces. Public health practitioners, healthcare providers, and support networks (e.g., chosen family) can be key sources of support. Attention to risk factors, unique needs, and sources of support will improve reproductive healthcare and pregnancy experiences for trans masculine people.