The Mechanism of Carcinogenesis. A Study of the Significance of Cocarcinogenic Action and Related Phenomena
The Mechanism of Carcinogenesis. A Study of the Significance of Cocarcinogenic Action and Related Phenomena
复制标题
致癌机制。
DOI：
--
复制
发表时间：
1941
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
I. Berenblum
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
I. Berenblum
在以前的一份来文中（5），作者表明，当使用稀释至约0.05%的碳氢化合物降低3，4-苯并芘对小鼠皮肤的有效致癌效力时，通过同时使用巴豆树脂和苯并芘，低肿瘤产率（在第2周时为0 - 6%）增加到80%。1这种致癌作用的增强，或“致癌作用”，不能解释为两种弱致癌物的总和效应，因为巴豆树脂单独应用于皮肤时没有致癌性的决定性证据。这种效应也不能归因于巴豆树脂的非特异性刺激作用，因为其他皮肤刺激物，如二甲苯或姜黄素，在类似条件下未能增加致癌作用。因此，有人认为巴豆树脂的致癌作用是一种不同于致癌过程本身的特殊反应。然而，协同致癌作用的机制仍然没有得到解释。目前的通信是关于这项工作的扩展，某些问题已被选定为特殊的研究，可能会抛出光的性质，cocarcinogenic行动和它的关系，正常的过程中致癌。所选择的调查问题如下：i.巴豆树脂对弱致癌物浓溶液诱发皮肤癌的影响; 2.巴豆树脂对注射苯并芘致癌作用的影响; 3.在一定时间应用苯并芘之前或之后将巴豆树脂应用于皮肤的效果;和4巴豆树脂对苯并芘诱导的皮肤肿瘤恶性转化的效果。在这些实验中采用的方法基本上与作者以前使用的方法相同，因此不必在下文中再次描述。
In a previous communication (5), the author has shown that when the effective carcinogenic potency of 3,4-benzpyrene for the mouse's skin was reduced by application of the hydrocarbon in a dilution ot~ o.o 5 per cent, the low tumor yield (o to 6 per cent at the 2oth week) was increased to 80 per cent by application of croton resin concurrently with the benzpyrene. 1 This augmentation of carcinogenesis, or "cocarcinogenie action," could not be explained as a summated effect of two weak carcinogens, since croton resin gave no decisive evidence of carcinogenicity when applied alone to the skin. Nor could the effect be attributed to a nonspecific irritative action on the part of croton resin, since other skin irritants, such as xylene or turpentine, failed to augment carcinogenesis under similar conditions. It was suggested, therefore, that the cocarcinogenic effect of croton resin constituted a specific reaction distinct from the carcinogenic process itself. Yet the mechanism of cocarcinogenic action remained unexplained. The present communication is concerned with an extension of this work, certain problems having been chosen for special study as likely to throw light on the nature of cocarcinogenic action and on its relation to the normal process of carcinogenesis. The problems chosen for investigation were the following: i. The effect of croton resin on carcinogenesis of the skin by concentrated solutions of weak carcinogens; 2. the effect of croton resin on carcinogenesis associated with injections of benzpyrene; 3. the effect of croton resin applied to the skin before or after a limited period of benzpyrene application; and 4the effect of croton resin on the malignant transformation of skin tumors induced by benzpyrene. The methods employed in these experiments were essentially the same as those previously used by the author, and need not, therefore, be described again in