Beyond the United States and Japan: Testing Yamagishi's Emancipation Theory of Trust across 31 Nations
Beyond the United States and Japan: Testing Yamagishi's Emancipation Theory of Trust across 31 Nations
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DOI：
10.1177/019027250907200408
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发表时间：
2009-12-01
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Smith, Peter B.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gheorghiu, Mirona A.;Vignoles, Vivian L.;Smith, Peter B.
我们研究了参与欧洲社会调查的31个欧洲国家的个人主义/集体主义与普遍社会信任之间的关系。本研究采用多层次回归分析，首次对个人主义/集体主义文化规范对广义社会信任的影响进行了实证研究，同时在同一分析中考虑了个人自身的文化取向。研究结果为Yamagishi和Yamagishi（1994）的信任解放理论提供了明确的支持，表明个人主义/集体主义与广义社会信任之间存在显著的正相关关系，超出了一个国家的共产主义政治历史和种族异质性的影响。在控制了个人主义/集体主义的个人影响之后，很明显，当前分析的结果不能简化为个人层面的解释，而必须在宏观社会过程的背景下进行解释。最后，我们讨论了可以解释为什么民族个人主义比集体主义更有可能促进人与人之间的信任的潜在机制。
We examined the relationship between Individualism/Collectivism and generalized social trust across 31 European nations participating in the European Social Survey. Using multi-level regression analyses, the current study provides the first empirical investigation of the effects of cultural norms of Individualism/Collectivism on generalized social trust while accounting for individuals' own cultural orientations within the same analysis. The results provide clear support for Yamagishi and Yamagishi (1994) emancipation theory of trust, showing a significant and positive relationship between Individualism/Collectivism and generalized social trust, over and above the effect of a country political history of communism and ethnic heterogeneity. Having controlled for individual effects of Individualism/Collectivism it is clear that the results of the current analysis cannot be reduced to an individual-level explanation, but must be interpreted within the context Of macrosocial processes. We conclude by discussing potential mechanisms that could explain why national individualism is more likely to foster trust among people than collectivism.