Low-Fat Diet Designed for Weight Loss But Not Weight Maintenance Improves Nitric Oxide-Dependent Arteriolar Vasodilation in Obese Adults
Low-Fat Diet Designed for Weight Loss But Not Weight Maintenance Improves Nitric Oxide-Dependent Arteriolar Vasodilation in Obese Adults
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DOI：
10.3390/nu11061339
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发表时间：
2019-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
Phillips, Shane A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Mahmoud, Abeer M.;Hwang, Chueh-Lung;Phillips, Shane A.
肥胖与微血管功能障碍有关。虽然低脂饮食可以改善心血管风险，但其对微血管功能的贡献（独立于体重减轻）尚不清楚。我们测试了一氧化氮（NO）依赖性血管舒张的微血管改善低脂饮食减肥（LFWL）相比，低脂体重维持（LFWM）饮食的假设。肥胖成年人被随机分配到LFWL饮食（n = 11）或LFWM饮食（n = 10）六周。微血管从臀部皮下脂肪活检之前和之后的干预血管反应性测量乙酰胆碱（Ach）和流量，有和没有L-NAME或吲哚美辛。同时检测血管和血清NO和C反应蛋白（CRP）。LFWL饮食增加流动诱导（FID）和乙酰胆碱诱导的扩张（AChID）; L-NAME抑制的效果。相反，LFWM饮食不影响FID或AChID。吲哚美辛改善FID和AChID在基线和这种影响最小化，在响应两种饮食。血清NO或CRP没有改变，无论是饮食。总之，与LFWM饮食相比，LFWL饮食改善了微血管反应性，并且增加了血管NO对改善的微血管扩张的贡献。这些数据表明，低脂饮食减肥对微血管健康至关重要。
Obesity is associated with microvascular dysfunction. While low-fat diet improves cardiovascular risk, its contributions on microvascular function, independent of weight loss, is unknown. We tested the hypothesis that nitric oxide (NO)-dependent vasodilation in microvessels is improved by low-fat diets designed for weight loss (LFWL) compared to low-fat weight maintenance (LFWM) diet. Obese adults were randomly assigned to either a LFWL diet (n = 11) or LFWM diet (n = 10) for six weeks. Microvessels were obtained from gluteal subcutaneous fat biopsies before and after the intervention for vascular reactivity measurements to acetylcholine (Ach) and flow, with and without L-NAME or indomethacin. Vascular and serum NO and C-reactive protein (CRP) were also measured. LFWL diet increased flow-induced (FID) and ACh-induced dilation (AChID); an effect that was inhibited by L-NAME. Conversely, LFWM diet did not affect FID or AChID. Indomethacin improved FID and AChID in the baseline and this effect was minimized in response to both diets. Serum NO or CRP did not change in response to either diet. In conclusion, LFWL diet improves microvascular reactivity compared to LFWM diet and increased vascular NO contribution to the improved microvascular dilation. These data suggest that weight reduction on low fat diet is critical for microvascular health.