PASSIVE AND ACTIVE MATERNAL SMOKING DURING PREGNANCY, AS MEASURED BY SERUM COTININE, AND POSTNATAL SMOKE EXPOSURE .1. EFFECTS ON PHYSICAL GROWTH AT AGE 5 YEARS
PASSIVE AND ACTIVE MATERNAL SMOKING DURING PREGNANCY, AS MEASURED BY SERUM COTININE, AND POSTNATAL SMOKE EXPOSURE .1. EFFECTS ON PHYSICAL GROWTH AT AGE 5 YEARS
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DOI：
10.1093/aje/142.supplement_9.s10
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发表时间：
1995-11-01
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
BERGMANN, JJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
ESKENAZI, B;BERGMANN, JJ
作者使用血清可替宁作为暴露的生物标志物，评估了孕期母亲环境烟草烟雾 (ETS) 暴露和产前母亲吸烟对 5 岁时儿童身高的影响。他们还确定了产后接触烟雾的影响。参与者包括 1964 年至 1967 年间参加儿童健康与发展研究的 2,622 名女性。非吸烟者分为暴露于 EIS 的人群（血清可替宁 2-10 ng/ml；n = 77）和未暴露者（n = 1,610），吸烟者（n = 935）根据血清可替宁水平分为三组：0-79， 80-163 和 164-569 纳克/毫升。调整种族、性别、出生顺序、母亲身高、体重、教育程度和年龄的多变量模型表明，吸烟者的孩子在血清可替宁的最低、中间和最高三分位数中分别矮了 0.3、0.3 和 0.8 厘米，而接触 ETS 的妇女的孩子比不吸烟者的孩子高 0.5 厘米。只有重度吸烟者的孩子明显比不吸烟者的孩子矮；然而，在控制出生体重和胎龄后，这种差异就消失了。怀孕期间和怀孕后吸烟的妇女的孩子调整后身高明显低于不吸烟者的孩子，但在控制出生体重和胎龄后，这种影响也消失了。这些结果表明，烟雾暴露对儿童身高的影响可能可以用母亲吸烟对胎儿生长的影响来解释。
The authors evaluated the effect of maternal environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure during pregnancy and prenatal maternal smoking on child's height at age 5 years, using serum cotinine as a biomarker of exposure. They also determined the effects of postnatal smoke exposure. Participants included 2,622 women enrolled in the Child Health and Development Studies between 1964 and 1967. Nonsmokers were divided into EIS-exposed (serum cotinine 2-10 ng/ml; n = 77) and not exposed (n = 1,610), and smokers (n = 935) were divided into tertiles based on serum cotinine levels: 0-79, 80-163, and 164-569 ng/ml. Multivariate models adjusting for race, sex, birth order, and maternal height, body mass, education, and age indicated that children of smokers were 0.3, 0.3, and 0.8 cm shorter in the lowest, middle, and highest tertile of serum cotinine, respectively, and children of ETS-exposed women were 0.5 cm taller than those of nonsmokers. Only the children of heavy smokers were significantly shorter than children of nonsmokers; however, this difference disappeared after controlling for birth weight acid gestational age, The adjusted heights of children of women who smoked both during and after pregnancy were significantly shorter than those of children of nonsmokers, but this effect also disappeared after controlling for birth weight and gestational age, These results suggest that the effects of smoke exposure on children's height may be explained by the effects of maternal smoking on fetal growth.