Malnutrition in all its forms and socio-economic disparities in children under 5 years of age and women of reproductive age in Peru
Malnutrition in all its forms and socio-economic disparities in children under 5 years of age and women of reproductive age in Peru
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DOI：
10.1017/s136898001900315x
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发表时间：
2020-08-01
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
de Romana, Daniel Lopez
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Curi-Quinto, Katherine;Ortiz-Panozo, Eduardo;de Romana, Daniel Lopez
目的：按社会经济指标 (SEI) 比较秘鲁 5 岁以下儿童和育龄妇女 (WRA) 营养不良的分布情况。设计：我们分析了国家人口和家庭健康调查的数据。世界卫生组织标准用于定义营养不良指标（超重/肥胖综合（OW）；消瘦/体重不足；发育迟缓/身材矮小；贫血）。采用线性组合检验通过SEI（代表社会经济地位（SES）的财富指数；教育；种族）来比较营养不良的患病率。患病率 (PR) 用于描述营养不良与 SEI 之间的差异和关联。背景：秘鲁（2015 年）。参与者：5 岁以下儿童 (n22 833) 和 WRA (n33 503；5008 名青少年和 28 495 名成人)。结果：最常见的营养不良形式是儿童贫血（32 个中心点 0%）以及青少年和成人 WRA 中的 OW（分别为 31 个中心点 3 和 65 个中心点 1%）。调整后的模型显示，社会经济地位高的儿童（PR = 0 中心点 25、0 中心点 67）、受过高等教育的母亲（PR = 0 中心点 26、0 中心点 76）儿童的发育迟缓和贫血显着较低，而土著儿童的发育迟缓和贫血程度较高（PR = 1 中心点 3、1 中心点 2）；相反，与最低社会经济地位和受过高等教育的母亲相比，OW 更高（PR = 1 中心点 8、1 中心点 6）。在 WRA 中，社会经济地位高、受教育程度高以及土著成年女性的发育迟缓/身材矮小程度较低。高 SES 的青少年和成人的 OW 较高（PR = 1 中心点 4、1 中心点 1），土著成年女性较低（PR = 0 中心点 84），受过高等教育的成年女性较低（PR = 0 中心点 86）。结论：在研究人群中，营养不良的分布与 SEI 差异相关。需要采取有效的政策，将行动结合起来，克服营养不良的双重负担并减少差距。
Objective: To compare the distribution of malnutrition by socio-economic indicators (SEI) in Peruvian children under 5 years and women of reproductive age (WRA). Design: We analysed data from the National Demographic and Family Health Survey. WHO criteria were used to define malnutrition indicators (overweight/obesity combined (OW); wasting/underweight; stunting/short stature; anaemia). Linear combination test was used to compare the prevalence of malnutrition by SEI (wealth index as a proxy of socio-economic status (SES); education; ethnicity). Prevalence ratio (PR) was used to describe disparities and associations between malnutrition and SEI. Setting: Peru (2015). Participants: Children (n22 833) under 5 years and WRA (n33 503; 5008 adolescents and 28 495 adults). Results: The most prevalent form of malnutrition was anaemia (32 center dot 0 %) in children and OW in adolescent and adult WRA (31 center dot 3 and 65 center dot 1 %, respectively). Adjusted models showed that stunting and anaemia were significantly lower among children with high SES (PR = 0 center dot 25, 0 center dot 67), high-educated mothers (PR = 0 center dot 26, 0 center dot 76) and higher in indigenous children (PR = 1 center dot 3, 1 center dot 2); conversely, OW was higher among those with high SES and high-educated mothers (PR = 1 center dot 8, 1 center dot 6) compared with their lowest counterparts. In WRA, stunting/short stature was lower among those with high SES, high education and higher in indigenous adult women. OW in adolescents and adults was higher in high SES (PR = 1 center dot 4, 1 center dot 1), lower in indigenous adult women (PR = 0 center dot 84) and lower in high-educated adult women (PR = 0 center dot 86). Conclusions: In the studied population, the distribution of malnutrition was associated with SEI disparities. Effective policies that integrate actions to overcome the double burden of malnutrition and reduce disparities are needed.