Signals Involved in Neural Differentiation of Human Embryonic Stem Cells
Signals Involved in Neural Differentiation of Human Embryonic Stem Cells
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DOI：
10.1159/000231890
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发表时间：
2009-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Dottori, Mirella
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Denham, Mark;Dottori, Mirella
胚胎干细胞的神经分化涉及神经诱导、神经干/祖细胞的扩增和维持以及向神经元和神经胶质细胞的分化的进行性阶段。我们对这些过程中涉及的信号的理解主要基于我们对胚胎发育过程中神经发育的了解。这篇综述将集中在已确定的信号通路发挥作用的人胚胎干细胞（hESC）的神经分化，包括其诱导神经外胚层，维持和扩大hESC衍生的神经球，分化为神经元和规范特定的神经元谱系。了解这些阶段中每个阶段所涉及的信号对于优化方法以获得用于移植治疗的特定细胞类型以及提供对人类神经发生机制的深入了解非常重要。版权所有（C）2009 S. Karger AG，巴塞尔
Neural differentiation from embryonic stem cells involves progressive stages of neural induction, expansion and maintenance of neural stem/progenitor cells, and differentiation to neurons and glia. Our understanding of the signals involved in each of these processes is primarily based on our knowledge of neural development during embryogenesis. This review will focus on the signalling pathways that have been identified to play a role in neural differentiation of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs), including their induction to neuroectoderm, maintenance and expansion of hESC-derived neurospheres, differentiation to neurons and specification to specific neuronal lineages. Understanding the signals involved in each of these stages is important for optimising methods to derive specific cell types for transplantation therapies, as well as for providing insight into the mechanisms of human neurogenesis. Copyright (C) 2009 S. Karger AG, Basel