A review towards the design of extraterrestrial structures: From regolith to human outposts
A review towards the design of extraterrestrial structures: From regolith to human outposts
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DOI：
10.1016/j.actaastro.2020.05.038
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发表时间：
2020-10
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Nicos A. Kalapodis;G. Kampas;Olga‐Joan Ktenidou
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Nicos A. Kalapodis;G. Kampas;Olga‐Joan Ktenidou
在地球以外的行星上设计永久人类栖息地的想法是几十年前提出的，在第一批人类与阿波罗任务一起登上月球后，这一想法变得更加重要。当今猖獗的技术进步与雄心勃勃的任务相结合，如火星洞察任务和月球阿耳特弥斯计划，使太空殖民的愿景比以往任何时候都更加现实，因为它不断获得动力。关于月球和火星环境的探索、这些行星的土壤特性以及第一批可居住模块的设计，在几个学科中都有相当数量的出版物。本文件的范围是精心挑选科学领域内与以下方面有关的最重要的出版物：(A)岩土工程方面，包括月球和火星风化层样品和模拟物的机械特性和化学成分，以及作为潜在基础形式的锚定和刚性垫层的元素；(B)不同类型的月球地震和流星体撞击产生的地面运动；(C)不同概念和类型的地外(ET)结构(通用、充气、可展开、3D打印)，以及对拟议的ET栖息地的总体看法。除了本文正文中给出的细节外，本文还有针对性地将这些信息总结和汇编在具有代表性的表格中，并按时间顺序呈现，以展示人类关于ET结构的思维演变。
The design of a permanent human habitat on a planetary body other than the Earth is an idea introduced many decades ago, which became even more significant after the landing of the first humans on the Moon with the Apollo missions. Today's rampant technological advances combined with ambitious missions, such as the Insight mission on Mars and the Artemis program for the Moon, render the vision of space colonization more realistic than ever, as it constantly gains momentum. There is a considerable number of publications across several disciplines pertaining to the exploration of Lunar and Martian environments, to those planets' soil properties, and to the design of the first habitable modules. The scope of this paper is to present a meticulous selection of the most significant publications within the scientific areas related to: (a) geotechnical engineering aspects, including the mechanical properties and chemical composition of Lunar and Martian regolith samples and simulants, along with elements of anchoring and rigid pads as potential forms of foundation; (b) ground motions generated by different types of Moonquakes and meteoroid impacts; (c) the different concepts and types of extraterrestrial (ET) structures (generic, inflatable, deployable, 3D-printed), as well as overall views of proposed ET habitats. Apart from the details given in the main text of this paper, a targeted effort was made to summarize and compile most of this information in representative tables and present it in chronological order, so as to showcase the evolution of human thinking as regards ET structures.