Hepatitis B virus infection
Hepatitis B virus infection
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DOI：
10.1016/s0140-6736(14)60220-8
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发表时间：
2014-12-06
期刊：
影响因子：
168.9
通讯作者：
Lok, Anna
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Trepo, Christian;Chan, Henry L. Y.;Lok, Anna
B型肝炎病毒感染是世界范围内的一个主要公共卫生问题;大约30%的世界人口显示出当前或过去感染的血清学证据。B型肝炎病毒是一种部分双链DNA病毒，具有几种血清学标志物：HBsAg和抗-HBs，HBeAg和抗-HBe，以及抗-HBc IgM和IgG。它通过接触受感染的血液和精液传播。自1981年以来，已经有了一种安全有效的疫苗，尽管情况不一，但婴儿普遍接种疫苗的实施已导致流行率急剧下降。B型肝炎病毒不是致细胞病变的;肝损伤和病毒控制以及临床结果都依赖于病毒复制和宿主免疫应答之间复杂的相互作用。总体而言，多达40%的男性和15%的女性围产期获得性B型肝炎病毒感染将死于肝硬化或肝细胞癌。除了减少肝脏炎症，长期抗病毒治疗可以逆转肝硬化和减少肝细胞癌。开发新的治疗方法，可以提高HBsAg清除和病毒学治愈是必要的。
Hepatitis B virus infection is a major public health problem worldwide; roughly 30% of the world's population show serological evidence of current or past infection. Hepatitis B virus is a partly double-stranded DNA virus with several serological markers: HBsAg and anti-HBs, HBeAg and anti-HBe, and anti-HBc IgM and IgG. It is transmitted through contact with infected blood and semen. A safe and effective vaccine has been available since 1981, and, although variable, the implementation of universal vaccination in infants has resulted in a sharp decline in prevalence. Hepatitis B virus is not cytopathic; both liver damage and viral control-and therefore clinical outcome-depend on the complex interplay between virus replication and host immune response. Overall, as much as 40% of men and 15% of women with perinatally acquired hepatitis B virus infection will die of liver cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma. In addition to decreasing hepatic inflammation, long-term antiviral treatment can reverse cirrhosis and reduce hepatocellular carcinoma. Development of new therapies that can improve HBsAg clearance and virological cure is warranted.