Y-chromosomal evidence of the cultural diffusion of agriculture in southeast Europe
Y-chromosomal evidence of the cultural diffusion of agriculture in southeast Europe
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DOI：
10.1038/ejhg.2008.249
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发表时间：
2009-06-01
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Semino, Ornella
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Battaglia, Vincenza;Fornarino, Simona;Semino, Ornella
关于史前农业向东南欧传播的机制的争论是围绕人口流动和文化传播的对立作用展开的。为了调查当地人可能参与的农业在巴尔干半岛的转型，我们分析了Y染色体多样性的模式，在1206个科目从17个人口样本，主要来自东南欧。三个Y染色体谱系，I-M423，E-V13和J-M241的证据，使得有可能区分全新世中石器时代的觅食者和随后的新石器时代的范围扩张，分别从撒哈拉东部和近东。特别是，而与J-M241相关的巴尔干半岛的微卫星变异与新石器时代相关，与E-V13和I-M423巴尔干半岛的Y染色体相关的微卫星变异与中石器时代晚期的时间框架一致。此外，与安纳托利亚和中东的I-M423和E-V13相关的低频率和方差支持这两个分支的欧洲中石器时代起源。因此，这些巴尔干半岛的中石器时代的觅食者，由于他们自己的本土遗传特征，注定要成为最早采用农业的人，后来，一群来自近东的移民农民引进了农业。这些最初的当地农民成为传播这种经济的主要代理人，他们在亚得里亚海使用海上跳跃式殖民策略，并将新石器时代的文化包传播给其他邻近的中石器时代人口。随后E-V13和I-M423的范围扩展在空间和时间上与新石器时代的压印器的扩散平行，从而支持了使用遗传证据的文化扩散的情况。European Journal of Human Genetics（2009）17，820-830; doi：10.1038/ejhg.2008.249; 2008年12月24日在线发表
The debate concerning the mechanisms underlying the prehistoric spread of farming to Southeast Europe is framed around the opposing roles of population movement and cultural diffusion. To investigate the possible involvement of local people during the transition of agriculture in the Balkans, we analysed patterns of Y-chromosome diversity in 1206 subjects from 17 population samples, mainly from Southeast Europe. Evidence from three Y-chromosome lineages, I-M423, E-V13 and J-M241, make it possible to distinguish between Holocene Mesolithic forager and subsequent Neolithic range expansions from the eastern Sahara and the Near East, respectively. In particular, whereas the Balkan microsatellite variation associated to J-M241 correlates with the Neolithic period, those related to E-V13 and I-M423 Balkan Y chromosomes are consistent with a late Mesolithic time frame. In addition, the low frequency and variance associated to I-M423 and E-V13 in Anatolia and the Middle East, support an European Mesolithic origin of these two clades. Thus, these Balkan Mesolithic foragers with their own autochthonous genetic signatures, were destined to become the earliest to adopt farming, when it was subsequently introduced by a cadre of migrating farmers from the Near East. These initial local converted farmers became the principal agents spreading this economy using maritime leapfrog colonization strategies in the Adriatic and transmitting the Neolithic cultural package to other adjacent Mesolithic populations. The ensuing range expansions of E-V13 and I-M423 parallel in space and time the diffusion of Neolithic Impressed Ware, thereby supporting a case of cultural diffusion using genetic evidence. European Journal of Human Genetics (2009) 17, 820-830; doi: 10.1038/ejhg.2008.249; published online 24 December 2008