Flowering phenology and anthophilous insect community at a threatened natural lowland marsh at Nakaikemi in Tsuruga, Japan.
Flowering phenology and anthophilous insect community at a threatened natural lowland marsh at Nakaikemi in Tsuruga, Japan.
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日本敦贺中池见受威胁的天然低地沼泽的开花物候和拟人昆虫群落。
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发表时间：
1996
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
R. Miura
中科院分区：
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作者：
Makoto Kato;R. Miura
中池见沼泽位于福井县，是日本西部仅存的少数天然低地沼泽地之一，栖息着许多濒临灭绝的沼泽植物和动物。 1994-95年，对沼泽地35科64种植物的开花物候和昆虫群落进行了研究。 4月中旬至10月中旬,在花上采集了昆虫纲8目215种936头,昆虫群落以双翅目(58 9e)为主,膜翅目(26 9o)、半翅目(6 9e)、鳞翅目(5 9e)、鞘翅目(5 9o)相对较少,以食虫科最多。丰富的家族，可能是最重要的授粉媒介。蜜蜂群落的特点是地上筑巢蜜蜂属 Hylaeus（Colletidae）占主导地位，其中最丰富的物种是一种微小的、罕见的、记录很少的物种。访花昆虫光谱聚类分析将 64 种植物分为 7 个簇，分别以小型或大型蜜蜂（18 种）、食蚜蝇（13 种）、花蝽和其他蝇类（11 种）、黄蜂和中型蜜蜂（8 种）、鳞翅目（2 种）、鞘翅目（1 种）和这些不同昆虫的混合物（11 种）。这些花卉行会在很大程度上与授粉行会一致，但也有一些例外，例如特定食蚜蝇访问的风风草。沼泽中的花与昆虫的关系与林地中的花与昆虫的关系不同，因为专门的关系很少，而且花与苍蝇之间的关系普遍存在，其中大多数幼虫生长在淹水的栖息地。中池见沼泽被认为是罕见的。重要的湿地栖息地不仅栖息着许多濒临灭绝的植物和拟人昆虫物种，而且还培育了独特的昆虫与花卉的关系。一些最初由在森林地面筑巢的熊蜂授粉的植物物种的存在表明，沼泽地应该作为一个将沼泽地和邻近林地结合在一起的整个生态系统进行保护。
Nakaikemi marsh, located in Fukui Prefecture, is one of only a few natural lowland marshlands left in westem Japan, and harbors many endangered marsh plants and animals. Flowering phenology and anthophilous insect communities on 64 plant species of 35 families were studied in the marsh in 1994-95. A total of 936 individuals of 215 species in eight orders of Insecta were collected on flowers from mid April to mid October, The anthophilous insect community was characterized by dominance of Diptera (58 9e of individuals) and relative paucity of Hymenoptera (26 9o), Hemiptera (6 9e), Lepidoptera (5 9e), and Coleoptera (5 9o), Syrphidae was the most abundant family and probably the most important pollination agents. Bee community was characterized by dominance of an aboveground nesting bee genus, Hylaeus (Colletidae), the most abundant species of which was a minute, rare little-recorded species. Cluster analysis on fiower-visiting insect spectra grouped 64 plant species into seven clusters, which were respectively characterized by dominance of small or large bees (18 spp.), syrphid fiies (13 spp.), Calyptrate and other flies (11 spp.), wasps and middle-sized bees (8 spp.), Lepidoptera (2 spp.), Coleoptera (1 sp.) and a mixture of these various insects (11 spp.). These flower guilds largely coincided with pollination guilds with some exceptions such as anemophilous grasses visited by specific syrphid flies. The flower-insect relationship in the marsh was discriminated from that in woodlands by rarity of specialized relationships and by prevalence of relationships between flowers and flies, most larvae of which grow in waterlogged habitats. Nakaikemi marsh is regarded as a rare. important wetland habitat not only harboring many endangered plant and anthophilous insect species but also fostering unique insect-flower relationships. The presence of some plant species originally pollinated by bumblebees nesting at forest fioor suggests that the marshland should be conserved as a whole ecosystem uniting the marshland and the neighboring woodlands.