Armed conflict and population displacement as drivers of the evolution and dispersal of Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Armed conflict and population displacement as drivers of the evolution and dispersal of Mycobacterium tuberculosis
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1611283113
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发表时间：
2016-11-29
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Balloux, Francois
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Eldholm, Vegard;Pettersson, John H. -O.;Balloux, Francois
“北京”结核分枝杆菌(Mtb)谱系2(L2)正在全球传播，并与疾病进展加速和抗生素耐药性增加有关。在这里，我们对L2亚系之一的中亚分支(CAC)进行了系统动力学重建，该分支最近扩展到了西欧。我们发现，近期的历史事件对CAC的演变和扩散起到了促进作用。我们的时间估计表明，该分支很可能是在1979-1989年苏联-阿富汗战争期间引入阿富汗的，并在2001年美国入侵后人口流离失所后进一步蔓延。我们还发现，在苏联解体后，来自前苏联加盟共和国的结核分枝杆菌分离株的耐药性突变大规模积累，这一模式在阿富汗的CAC分离株中没有观察到。我们的结果强调了政治不稳定和人口迁移对结核病控制的不利影响，并展示了系统动力学方法在探索细菌在空间和时间上进化的能力。
The "Beijing" Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) lineage 2 (L2) is spreading globally and has been associated with accelerated disease progression and increased antibiotic resistance. Here we performed a phylodynamic reconstruction of one of the L2 sublineages, the central Asian clade (CAC), which has recently spread to western Europe. We find that recent historical events have contributed to the evolution and dispersal of the CAC. Our timing estimates indicate that the clade was likely introduced to Afghanistan during the 1979-1989 Soviet-Afghan war and spread further after population displacement in the wake of the American invasion in 2001. We also find that drug resistance mutations accumulated on a massive scale in Mtb isolates from former Soviet republics after the fall of the Soviet Union, a pattern that was not observed in CAC isolates from Afghanistan. Our results underscore the detrimental effects of political instability and population displacement on tuberculosis control and demonstrate the power of phylodynamic methods in exploring bacterial evolution in space and time.