The relationship between BOLD signal and autonomic nervous system functions: implications for processing of "physiological noise"
The relationship between BOLD signal and autonomic nervous system functions: implications for processing of "physiological noise"
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DOI：
10.1016/j.mri.2011.03.006
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发表时间：
2011-12-01
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Hasson, Uri
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Iacovella, Vittorio;Hasson, Uri
功能磁共振成像(FMRI)的研究不仅揭示了认知和知觉功能的神经基础的重要方面，而且还揭示了高级脑功能与生理之间的关系的重要信息。鉴于血氧水平依赖(BOLD)信号的特征，中心悬而未决的问题之一是自主神经系统(ANS)功能是否以及如何与人脑测量的脑状态变化相关。解决这个问题的一个直接方法是获取ANS活动的外部测量，如心脏和呼吸数据，并检查它们与BOLD信号的关系。在这篇文章中，我们描述了两种概念性方法，在大胆的fMRI分析的背景下处理ANS测量。一方面，几个研究领域将ANS活动测量视为噪音，认为它们只是一个混杂因素，降低了fMRI分析的能力或其有效性。这方面的工作已经开发出强大的方法来消除粗体信号中的ANS效应。另一方面，另一项工作取得了重要进展，表明ANS功能，如心脏跳动、心率变异性和呼吸频率，可以被视为信号中一个理论上有意义的成分，有助于理解大脑功能。在后一个框架内的工作表明，在采用程序来消除粗略数据和生理测量之间的相关性时，应谨慎行事。我们讨论了这两个立场及其背后的理由。此后，我们参考已回顾的文献，提出了处理ANS数据的实用指南，其前提是ANS数据应被视为理论上有意义的信息。这在研究调节、监测和/或产生ANS活动的大脑皮层系统时尤其适用，例如参与决策、冲突解决和情绪体验的系统。(C)2011 Elsevier Inc.保留所有权利。
Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) research has revealed not only important aspects of the neural basis of cognitive and perceptual functions, but also important information on the relation between high-level brain functions and physiology. One of the central outstanding questions, given the features of the blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) signal, is whether and how autonomic nervous system (ANS) functions are related to changes in brain states as measured in the human brain. A straightforward way to address this question has been to acquire external measurements of ANS activity such as cardiac and respiratory data, and examine their relation to the BOLD signal. In this article, we describe two conceptual approaches to the treatment of ANS measures in the context of BOLD fMRI analysis. On the one hand, several research lines have treated ANS activity measures as noise, considering them as nothing but a confounding factor that reduces the power of fMRI analysis or its validity. Work in this line has developed powerful methods to remove ANS effects from the BOLD signal. On the other hand, a different line of work has made important progress in showing that ANS functions such as cardiac pulsation, heart rate variability and breathing rate could be considered as a theoretically meaningful component of the signal that is useful for understanding brain function. Work within this latter framework suggests that caution should be exercised when employing procedures to remove correlations between BOLD data and physiological measures. We discuss these two positions and the reasoning underlying them. Thereafter, we draw on the reviewed literature in presenting practical guidelines for treatment of ANS data, which are based on the premise that ANS data should be considered as theoretically meaningful information. This holds particularly when studying cortical systems involved in regulation, monitoring and/or generation of ANS activity, such as those involved in decision making, conflict resolution and the experience of emotion. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.