DNA cleavage enzymes for treatment of persistent viral infections: recent advances and the pathway forward.

DNA cleavage enzymes for treatment of persistent viral infections: recent advances and the pathway forward.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.virol.2013.12.037
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发表时间:
2014-04
期刊:
影响因子:
3.7
通讯作者:
Jerome, Keith R.
Jerome, Keith R.
中科院分区:
医学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Weber, Nicholas D.;Aubert, Martine;Dang, Chung H.;Stone, Daniel;Jerome, Keith R.

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大多数持续性病毒感染的治疗包括姑息性药物选择,而不是治愈性方法。这通常是因为受感染细胞中的持久病毒DNA不受当前抗病毒药物的影响,为病毒持续存在和再激活提供了来源。因此,靶向潜伏病毒DNA本身可以为新的治疗策略提供基础。DNA切割酶可用于诱导特定基因的靶向诱变,包括外源病毒的那些基因。尽管已经使用靶向各种病毒的DNA切割酶进行了初步的体外甚至体内研究,但当这些策略过渡到临床前研究时,仍然存在许多关于这些策略的可行性的问题。在这里,我们回顾了人类病毒感染的DNA裂解酶的最新研究结果,考虑了几种人类病毒感染的最相关的动物模型,并解决了有关安全性和酶输送的问题。精心设计的体内研究结果将为最紧迫的剩余问题提供理想的答案,并允许临床应用的持续进展。
Treatment for most persistent viral infections consists of palliative drug options rather than curative approaches. This is often because long-lasting viral DNA in infected cells is not affected by current antivirals, providing a source for viral persistence and reactivation. Targeting latent viral DNA itself could therefore provide a basis for novel curative strategies. DNA cleavage enzymes can be used to induce targeted mutagenesis of specific genes, including those of exogenous viruses. Although initial in vitro and even in vivo studies have been carried out using DNA cleavage enzymes targeting various viruses, many questions still remain concerning the feasibility of these strategies as they transition into preclinical research. Here, we review the most recent findings on DNA cleavage enzymes for human viral infections, consider the most relevant animal models for several human viral infections, and address issues regarding safety and enzyme delivery. Results from well-designed in vivo studies will ideally provide answers to the most urgent remaining questions, and allow continued progress toward clinical application.
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