First Report of Powdery Mildew in Greenhouse-Grown Tomatoes in New Jersey.
First Report of Powdery Mildew in Greenhouse-Grown Tomatoes in New Jersey.
复制标题
新泽西州温室番茄白粉病的首次报告。
DOI：
10.1094/pdis.1997.81.2.227b
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发表时间：
1997
期刊：
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
C. Chin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. White;S. Johnston;C. Wang;C. Chin
据报道，纽约的温室中发生了由白粉菌属引起的番茄白粉病（2）。1996年3月和4月，在温室栽培的番茄植株中发现了该病害的爆发。PSR 55809在库克学院校园新玩法，新泽西州，并在简历。比赛在伯灵顿县，新泽西州的商业温室。由于没有观察到完美的阶段，因此通过分生孢子状态的比较形态鉴定了一种白粉菌。症状包括主要在老叶的上表面上出现白色菌丝体的斑块，随后是真菌定殖的组织的褪绿。菌丝体显微镜检查显示存在典型的粉孢分生孢子细胞和分生孢子。产孢细胞短而圆柱形，顶端产生链状分生孢子。分生孢子透明，圆柱形至椭圆形，大小为36 ± 4.9 × 16.7 ± 2.2 μm（n = 20）。这种白粉病的分生孢子和症状与以前在纽约描述的白粉菌属的症状相当（2）。另一种由番茄白粉病菌（Oidiopsis sicula Scalia）引起的番茄白粉病发生在美国西部，地中海盆地、非洲和亚洲。但O. sicula有梨形和圆柱形两种类型，它们比一种白粉菌的大（1）。为了验证该白粉菌属对番茄的致病性，将从叶片上洗涤的分生孢子喷雾到番茄幼苗的未感染叶片上。在生长室（25°C; 80%相对湿度; 12小时光照）中1周后，在接种的植物上典型的白粉病症状明显，而未雾化的植物保持无症状。对叶子表面的真菌进行显微镜检查，证实它是一种白粉病。参考文献：（1）R. N.坎贝尔和R. W.舍曼Plant Dis. Rep. 63：1087，1979。(2)D. M. Karasevicz和T. A. Zitter。Plant Dis.80：709，1996.
Powdery mildew of tomatoes caused by an Erysiphe sp. has been reported to occur in greenhouses in New York (2). In March and April of 1996, outbreaks of this disease were found in greenhouse-grown tomato plants of cv. PSR55809 at the Cook College campus in New Brunswick, NJ, and in cv. Match in commercial greenhouses in Burlington County, NJ. Identification of an Erysiphe sp. was made by comparative morphology of the conidial state since the perfect stage was not observed. Symptoms included development of patches of white mycelium predominantly on upper surfaces of older leaves followed by chlorosis of tissues colonized by the fungus. Microscopic examination of mycelium revealed the presence of typical Oidium conidiogenous cells and conidia. Conidiogenous cells were short and cylindrical and produce conidia in chains apically. Conidia were hyaline, cylindrical to ellipsoidal, and measured 36 + 4.9 × 16.7 + 2.2 μm (n = 20). Both conidia and symptoms of this powdery mildew are comparable to those previously given for the Erysiphe sp. described in New York (2). Another powdery mildew of tomato, caused by Oidiopsis sicula Scalia, occurs in the western U.S., Mediterranean Basin, Africa, and Asia. However, the conidia of O. sicula are of two types, pyriform and cylindrical, and they are larger than those of an Erysiphe sp. (1). To verify pathogenicity of this Erysiphe sp. to tomatoes, conidia washed from leaves were misted onto uninfected leaves of young tomato plants. After 1 week in a growth chamber (25°C; 80% relative humidity; 12 h of light), typical powdery mildew symptoms were evident on inoculated plants, while unmisted plants remained free of symptoms. Microscopic examination of the fungus on surfaces of leaves confirmed it to be an Erysiphe sp. References: (1) R. N. Campbell and R. W. Scheuerman. Plant Dis. Rep. 63:1087, 1979. (2) D. M. Karasevicz and T. A. Zitter. Plant Dis. 80:709, 1996.