Blending the real and virtual in games: the model of fantasy sports
Blending the real and virtual in games: the model of fantasy sports
复制标题
游戏中真实与虚拟的融合：梦幻体育的模式
DOI：
--
复制
发表时间：
2009
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
F. Shipman
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
F. Shipman
梦幻运动为参与者提供了为他们选择的一组运动员扮演教练的机会。运动员在现实世界的比赛中表现得越好，他们所在的虚拟团队也会表现得越好。梦幻运动联盟始于近50年前，现已发展到约3000万参与者。最初使用纸和铅笔的梦幻运动现在发展迅速，这是因为在线联赛的组织和比赛都很容易。计算机的使用已经改变了幻想联盟，从主要是当地社区的一群朋友或熟人变成了来自世界各地的匿名玩家。较新的软件正在通过加入联盟报纸等功能来对抗匿名的趋势，这些功能提供了围绕梦幻联盟的更大背景。梦幻运动的描述和广告中的修辞强调竞争、赋权和参与。看看当前梦幻体育的活动和围绕它们的言辞，就会得出一个基于它们使用真实动作与虚拟动作、球员与外部控制的框架。正是虚拟游戏中的活动和真实运动的观赏性的结合，使梦幻体育成为探索如何构建虚拟和现实世界活动相结合的其他娱乐活动的模式。
Fantasy sports provide participants with the opportunity to play the role of coach for a team of athletes they select. The better the athletes perform in their real-world competitions, the better the virtual teams they are on will perform. Leagues for fantasy sports started almost 50 years ago and have grown to the point that there are now approximately 30 million participants. Intially using paper and pencil, fantasy sports are now growing rapidly due to the ease of organizing and playing in on-line leagues. The use of computers has changed fantasy leagues from being mostly a group of friends or acquaintances in a local community to potentially being anonymous players from around the world. Newer software is countering the trend towards anonymity with the inclusion of features, such as league newspapers, that provide a greater context surrounding the fantasy leagues. The rhetoric found in descriptions and advertising for fantasy sports emphasizes competition, empowerment, and participation. Looking at the activities of current fantasy sports and the rhetoric surrounding them yields a framework based on their use of real versus virtual action and player versus external control. It is the integration of activity in a virtual game and spectatorship of a real sport that makes fantasy sports a model to explore how other entertainment combining virtual and real world activities may be constructed.