Abortion Incidence and Service Availability In the United States, 2014.
Abortion Incidence and Service Availability In the United States, 2014.
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DOI：
10.1363/psrh.12015
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发表时间：
2017-03
影响因子：
5.8
通讯作者：
Jerman J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jones RK;Jerman J
国家和州一级有关堕胎发生率的信息可以帮助为旨在减少意外怀孕水平的政策和计划提供信息。在2015-2016年，所有已知或预计在2013年或2014年提供堕胎服务的美国设施都进行了调查。堕胎数量的数据与人口数据相结合，以估计国家和州一级的堕胎率。还评估了堕胎设施的数量以及自2011年类似调查以来的变化。在提供堕胎服务的诊所比例变化最大的州，对新堕胎限制的数量和类型进行了审查。2014年，美国估计有926，200例堕胎，比2011年减少12%; 2014年堕胎率为每1，000名15-44岁妇女14.6例堕胎，这一时期下降了14%。2011年至2014年间，提供堕胎服务的诊所数量下降了6%，其中中西部（22%）和南部（13%）的下降幅度最大。早期药物流产占非医院流产的31%，高于2011年的24%。在研究期间，大多数提供堕胎服务的诊所数量下降比例最大的州都颁布了一项或多项新的限制措施，但堕胎数量的减少并不总是与堕胎发生率的下降有关。以诊所数量衡量的堕胎服务与堕胎率之间的关系并不简单。需要进一步的研究来了解堕胎率的下降。
National and state-level information about abortion incidence can help inform policies and programs intended to reduce levels of unintended pregnancy. In 2015–2016, all U.S. facilities known or expected to have provided abortion services in 2013 or 2014 were surveyed. Data on the number of abortions were combined with population data to estimate national and state-level abortion rates. The number of abortion-providing facilities and changes since a similar 2011 survey were also assessed. The number and type of new abortion restrictions were examined in the states that had experienced the largest proportionate changes in clinics providing abortion services. In 2014, an estimated 926,200 abortions were performed in the United States, 12% fewer than in 2011; the 2014 abortion rate was 14.6 abortions per 1,000 women aged 15–44, representing a 14% decline over this period. The number of clinics providing abortions declined 6% between 2011 and 2014, and declines were steepest in the Midwest (22%) and the South (13%). Early medication abortions accounted for 31% of nonhospital abortions, up from 24% in 2011. Most states that experienced the largest proportionate declines in the number of clinics providing abortions had enacted one or more new restrictions during the study period, but reductions were not always associated with declines in abortion incidence. The relationship between abortion access, as measured by the number of clinics, and abortion rates is not straightforward. Further research is needed to understand the decline in abortion incidence.