Relaxin-3/RXFP3 Signaling and Neuroendocrine Function - A Perspective on Extrinsic Hypothalamic Control.
Relaxin-3/RXFP3 Signaling and Neuroendocrine Function - A Perspective on Extrinsic Hypothalamic Control.
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DOI：
10.3389/fendo.2013.00128
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发表时间：
2013-09-18
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Gundlach AL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ganella DE;Ma S;Gundlach AL
下丘脑内控制基本自主过程和相关行为的复杂神经回路使用氨基酸和单胺递质以及各种神经肽（激素）调节剂发出信号，通常经由G蛋白偶联受体（GPCR）和相关细胞通路。松弛素-3是最近发现的一种在进化过程中高度保守的神经肽。表达松弛素-3的神经元位于脑干，但广泛地支配整个边缘系统，包括下丘脑。啮齿动物和非人灵长类动物的大量解剖学数据以及最近的调节和功能数据表明，松弛素-3通过其同源GPCR RXFP 3信号传导对与应激反应、进食和代谢、动机和奖励以及可能的性行为和生殖相关的神经内分泌功能具有广泛的影响。因此，本文旨在强调松弛素-3/RXFP 3系统作为神经内分泌轴的重要“外在”调节剂的日益增长的赞赏，通过回顾其神经解剖学及其在唤醒，应激和进食相关行为中的假定作用，以及与相关神经底物和信号网络的联系。目前的证据表明RXFP 3是治疗神经内分泌疾病和相关行为功能障碍的潜在治疗靶点。
Complex neural circuits within the hypothalamus that govern essential autonomic processes and associated behaviors signal using amino acid and monoamine transmitters and a variety of neuropeptide (hormone) modulators, often via G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) and associated cellular pathways. Relaxin-3 is a recently identified neuropeptide that is highly conserved throughout evolution. Neurons expressing relaxin-3 are located in the brainstem, but broadly innervate the entire limbic system including the hypothalamus. Extensive anatomical data in rodents and non-human primate, and recent regulatory and functional data, suggest relaxin-3 signaling via its cognate GPCR, RXFP3, has a broad range of effects on neuroendocrine function associated with stress responses, feeding and metabolism, motivation and reward, and possibly sexual behavior and reproduction. Therefore, this article aims to highlight the growing appreciation of the relaxin-3/RXFP3 system as an important “extrinsic” regulator of the neuroendocrine axis by reviewing its neuroanatomy and its putative roles in arousal-, stress-, and feeding-related behaviors and links to associated neural substrates and signaling networks. Current evidence identifies RXFP3 as a potential therapeutic target for treatment of neuroendocrine disorders and related behavioral dysfunction.