Color vision of the budgerigar (Melopsittacus undulatus):: hue matches, tetrachromacy, and intensity discrimination
Color vision of the budgerigar (Melopsittacus undulatus):: hue matches, tetrachromacy, and intensity discrimination
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DOI：
10.1007/s00359-005-0024-2
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发表时间：
2005-10-01
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Butler, BK
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Goldsmith, TH;Butler, BK
我们训练虎皮鹦鹉（Melopsittacus undulatus）区分单色光和两种对比光的混合光。在蓝光或黄光中加入少量紫外线（365纳米）会显著改变鸟类的颜色。色相匹配显示，这些鸟在长波（只有P565和P508有活性）和短波长（只有P370和P445有活性，因为P508和P565被锥油滴筛选）都是二色的。在中光谱（只有P445和P508激活）中，实现了色相匹配，但由于两个对立的神经过程被激活，结果更加复杂。所有观察到的色相匹配都与参与单个视锥对的相对量子捕获的计算在定量上一致，并指出存在至少三个对立的神经过程。对于中短波长的色相匹配，计算还预测了与P508和P445相关的锥形油滴的吸光度峰值。训练光的相对强度影响了长波长但不影响短波长的比赛，可能是由于双视锥细胞的消色差信号。经过适当的训练，鸟类可以在双视锥细胞灵敏度较低的短波长进行强度辨别。
Budgerigars, Melopsittacus undulatus, were trained to discriminate monochromatic lights from mixtures of two comparison lights. The addition of small amounts of UV (365 nm) to blue or yellow lights dramatically changed the color for the birds. Hue matches showed the birds to be dichromatic both at long wavelengths (only P565 and P508 active) and at short wavelengths (only P370 and P445 active because of screening of P508 and P565 by cone oil droplets). In mid-spectrum (only P445 and P508 active), a hue match was achieved, but the results were more complicated because two opponent neural processes were activated. All observed hue matches were in quantitative agreement with calculations of relative quantum catch in the pairs of participating single cones and point to the presence of a minimum of three opponent neural processes. For the hue matches at mid- and short wavelengths, the calculations also predict peak values of absorbance of the cone oil droplets associated with P508 and P445. Relative intensity of the training light affected difficult matches at long but not short wavelengths, likely due to achromatic signals from the double cones. With suitable training, birds could make intensity discriminations at short wavelengths, where the double cones have diminished sensitivity.