Abrupt permafrost thaw accelerates carbon dioxide and methane release at a tussock tundra site
Abrupt permafrost thaw accelerates carbon dioxide and methane release at a tussock tundra site
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永久冻土突然融化加速了草丛苔原地区二氧化碳和甲烷的释放
DOI：
10.1080/15230430.2022.2118639
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发表时间：
2022
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Schuur, Edward A.G.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Rodenhizer, Heidi;Belshe, Fay;Celis, Gerardo;Ledman, Justin;Mauritz, Marguerite;Goetz, Scott;Sankey, Temuulen;Schuur, Edward A.G.
突然融化可能导致永久冻土生态系统释放的碳比单独逐渐融化所预测的要多。然而，热岩溶特征映射的范围是有限的，观测到的碳通量突然解冻的反应是可变的。我们开发了一种热岩溶探测算法，从一个单一的海拔数据集识别热岩溶功能，准确率为71.5%，并将其应用在希利，阿拉斯加。此外，我们调查了二氧化碳和甲烷通量的突然解冻的程度涡度协方差的水平变化。该遗址的7%被归类为热喀斯特。水迹是最广泛的热岩溶形式，尽管小坑要多得多。突然解冻与生长季节的碳吸收呈正相关，当总初级生产力的增加超过了在植被密集的水轨道生态系统呼吸的增加。然而，这是超过了较高的碳释放热岩溶功能在非生长季节。此外，突然解冻与甲烷产量几乎全年呈正相关。我们的研究结果支持这一假设，即永久冻土碳的突然解冻将有助于永久冻土气候反馈以上和超越与逐渐解冻，并强调需要映射热岩溶和地球系统模型纳入突然解冻。
Abrupt thaw could cause permafrost ecosystems to release more carbon than is predicted from gradual thaw alone. However, thermokarst feature mapping is limited in scope, and observed responses of carbon fluxes to abrupt thaw are variable. We developed a thermokarst detection algorithm that identifies thermokarst features from a single elevation dataset with 71.5 percent accuracy and applied it in Healy, Alaska. Additionally, we investigated the landscape-level variation in carbon dioxide and methane fluxes by extent of abrupt thaw using eddy covariance. Seven percent of the site was classified as thermokarst. Water tracks were the most extensive form of thermokarst, although small pits were much more numerous. Abrupt thaw was positively correlated with carbon uptake during the growing season, when increases in gross primary productivity outpaced increases in ecosystem respiration in vegetation-dense water tracks. However, this was outweighed by higher carbon release in thermokarst features during the nongrowing season. Additionally, abrupt thaw was positively correlated with methane production nearly year-round. Our findings support the hypothesis that abrupt thaw of permafrost carbon will contribute to the permafrost climate feedback above and beyond that associated with gradual thaw and highlights the need to map thermokarst and incorporate abrupt thaw into Earth System Models.
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