Neurocognitive performance in unmedicated patients with hoarding disorder.
Neurocognitive performance in unmedicated patients with hoarding disorder.
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未经药物治疗的囤积症患者的神经认知表现。
DOI：
10.1037/neu0000234
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发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Saxena,Sanjaya
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sumner,JenniferM;Noack,CarolynG;Filoteo,JVincent;Maddox,WTodd;Saxena,Sanjaya
目的 囤积症（HD）是一种通常会导致丧失行为能力的精神疾病，与广泛的神经认知异常相关。之前的一些神经心理学研究已经发现亨廷顿舞蹈症患者存在执行功能障碍，但尚未出现明确的模式。先前研究结果不一致的一个潜在原因可能是纳入了服用精神药物和其他可能影响神经认知表现的药物的患者。因此，我们检查了未接受药物治疗的 HD 患者的神经认知功能。我们还增加了一项关于内隐学习的新研究，已发现内隐学习在强迫症（OCD）和相关疾病中异常。方法对符合《精神疾病诊断和统计手册》（第 5 版；DSM-5；美国精神病学协会，2013 年）HD 诊断标准的 26 名参与者和 23 名正常对照进行了一系列神经心理学测试和症状评定量表。所有参与者在研究前至少 6 周没有服用精神药物。结果 HD 参与者在言语记忆、注意力或执行功能（包括反应抑制、计划、组织和决策）方面与正常对照组没有显着差异。然而，与正常对照组相比，HD 参与者在感知分类过程中表现出内隐学习较少、更多使用外显学习策略的趋势。使用内隐策略的 HD 参与者的表现明显低于使用内隐策略的对照组。囤积症状的严重程度与神经认知表现无关。结论 HD 患者可能倾向于使用外显学习策略而不是内隐学习策略来进行知觉分类，但在许多其他神经认知测量方面的表现与正常对照组一样好。未来的研究应该评估未接受药物治疗的参与者并检查测试策略，而不仅仅是结果。（PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2022 APA，保留所有权利）
ObjectiveHoarding disorder (HD) is an often incapacitating psychiatric illness associated with a wide range of neurocognitive abnormalities. Some prior neuropsychological studies have found executive dysfunction in HD, but no clear pattern has emerged. One potential reason for discrepant results in previous studies might be the inclusion of patients on psychotropic and other medications that can affect neurocognitive performance. Therefore, we examined neurocognitive functioning in medication-free HD patients. We also added a novel investigation of implicit learning, which has been found to be abnormal in obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) and related disorders.MethodTwenty-six participants meeting the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed.; DSM–5; American Psychiatric Association, 2013) diagnostic criteria for HD and 23 normal controls were administered a battery of neuropsychological tests and symptom rating scales. All participants were free of psychotropic medications for at least 6 weeks prior to the study.ResultsHD participants showed no significant differences from normal controls on measures of verbal memory, attention, or executive functioning, including response inhibition, planning, organization, and decision making. However, HD participants demonstrated a trend toward less implicit learning and greater use of explicit learning strategies during perceptual categorization compared to normal controls. HD participants who used an implicit strategy performed significantly worse than controls who used an implicit strategy. Hoarding symptom severity was not associated with neurocognitive performance.ConclusionsHD patients may have a tendency to use explicit rather than implicit learning strategies for perceptual categorization but perform as well as normal controls on many other neurocognitive measures. Future studies should assess unmedicated participants and examine test strategies, not just outcomes.(PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved)